wrongful hiring united states

Try to learn about the employers realities through research. (1) Section 2679 of title 28 U.S.C., provides that no suit will lie against a Federal employee, or the employee's estate, for damage to property, personal injury, or death resulting from his or her wrongful act or omission while acting within the scope of his or her office or employment with the Federal Government. .manual-search ul.usa-list li {max-width:100%;} Sign Up for our free News Alerts - All the latest articles on your chosen topics condensed into a free bi-weekly email. Information Technology at Lilly All topics and services; About the U.S. and . 1. Breach of Contract, Civil Rights Violation, Wrongful Termination, Whistleblower Retaliation, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Unpaid Commissions, Scott E. Combs of Law Offices of Scott E. Combs, PC, Jack D. Campbell of Jack D. Campbell, Attorney at Law, Civil Rights Violation, Retaliation, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Failure to Promote, Family and Medical Leave Act, Holly Williams of Williams Law Firm, P.C. (b) The Department of Justice will defend any civil action or proceeding brought in any court against persons referred to in paragraph (a) (1) or (2) of this section under the circumstances set forth therein. The EEOC will continue to do what it always has meet new challenges and overcome new obstacles to serve the American people.. here for reprint permission. .paragraph--type--html-table .ts-cell-content {max-width: 100%;} Carl E. Douglas, Jamon R. Hicks of Douglas Hicks Law, APC, Perez v. El Monte Union High School District, Civil Rights Violation, Gender Discrimination, Hostile Work Environment, Wrongful Termination, Whistleblower Retaliation, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort. Unlike in cases of wrongful dismissal, damages for wrongful hiring are not limited to a number of months severance pay. 2679 or 38 U.S.C. Otherwise you have the right to sue for wrongful dismissal. 693 East Avenue Visit . Coachman v. Seattle Auto Management, Inc., et al. that the United States' interest in regulating and promoting safety in the aviation industry favors asserting jurisdiction over Cranfield here. made it; the statement was made with the intent of deceiving the prospective James v. Leavitt Group Agency of San Diego Inc. Weve all seen claims for wrongful termination, but one recent case takes a different twist: wrongful hiring. This means an employee can generally be fired at any time and for any reason, or for no reason at all. #block-googletagmanagerfooter .field { padding-bottom:0 !important; } Check out the best workplace discrimination lawyers in the United States, with reviews! Washington law prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, national origin, sex, religion, disability, age (40 and older), genetic information, marital status, sexual orientation, HIV or AIDS status, hepatitis C infection, membership in the state militia, use of a service animal, gender identity, or status as a victim of domestic violence. Zweizig v. Northwest Direct Teleservices, Inc., et al. Also, damages for mental distress are awarded if you can show you suffered them. What Are Punitive Damages in a Wrongful Termination Claim? However, this can be a nightmare for employees due to the time-consuming process, the gathering of enough evidence, and an uncertain outcome. An unambiguous writing can On June 7, 2023, the New York State Senate passed Bill No. Mayo-Coleman v. American Sugar Holdings Inc. Civil Rights Violation, Hostile Work Environment, Retaliation, Sexual Assault, Sexual Harassment, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Psychological Injury. Sooroojballie v. Port Authority of NY and NJ, et al. EEOC recovered just over $106 million for charging parties and other aggrieved individuals through litigation, representing the largest recovery through the EEOCs litigation program in the past 16 years. However, only employers with a minimum number of employees must comply with these laws. Civil Rights Violation, Disability Discrimination, Wrongful Termination, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Failure to Accommodate. Wrongful termination is to be fired illegally, usually in violation of discrimination state laws or contractual breach. An employee who was laid off eight months after moving his family across the country to take a new job was awarded $1.9 million in damages when he convinced a jury that his new employer knowingly induced him to accept a job that did not exist. In the meantime, as technology changed his field, the employees skills fell behind, so that when his new employer laid him off, he had trouble finding work in the field. Employers must provide a 30-minute meal break to employees who work more than five consecutive hours; this time is unpaid unless the employee is on duty or is required to be at a site for the employer's benefit. The employer, it turns out, made exaggerated claims about the scope and duties of your job. Instead, this is covered by different rules outlined at state and federal level as well as by the courts. The use of the Internet or this form for communication with the firm or any individual member of the firm does not establish an attorney-client relationship. In Washington, as in other states, employees work at will. ), such recourse is the exclusive remedy for property damage, personal injury, or death allegedly occurring as a result of malpractice or negligence committed by a physician, dentist, nurse, physician's assistant, dentist's assistant, pharmacist or paramedical (for example, medical and dental technicians, nursing assistants, and therapists), or other supporting personnel, while furnishing medical care and treatment in the exercise of duties in or for the Veterans Health Administration. undercut claims that the employee relied on promises of long-term job security. Perthuis v. Baylor Miraca Genetics Laboratories L.L.C. Likewise in the interview process. Except some of those key promises turned out to be lies. A lawyer can also inform you of other state or local claims that you may have in addition to those listed above. LAST UPDATED: May 30, 2023 Do you have a question? The job description sounded amazing. Did you have to relocate and incurr moving costs? Where the employee has been reinstated as the defendant under such circumstances, in order to protect any rights which he or she may have under 38 U.S.C. Gabrielle M. Vinci of Nesenoff & Miltenberg, LLP; Megan S. Goddard of Goddard Law, PLLC; Nathaniel K. Charny of Charny & Wheeler P.C. support services that the company never intended to keep; and assurances of 7316(e), he or she shall immediately notify the General Counsel, through the local Regional Counsel. Carney R. Shegerian, Anthony Nguyen, Mark I. Lim of Shegerian & Associates, Inc. Rael v. Sybron Dental Specialties, Inc., et al. These exceptions . 7316, the Regional Counsel having jurisdiction over the place where the employee works will conduct a preliminary investigation, which will include an affidavit by the employee's supervisor as to whether the defendant-employee was acting in the scope of his or her employment at the time of the incident, and a request from the defendant-employee for representation. The At-Will Presumption Employment relationships are presumed to be "at-will" in all U.S. states except Montana. If you're fired for misconduct, you won't be eligible for unemployment benefits. .table thead th {background-color:#f1f1f1;color:#222;} info@eeoc.gov That may have signalled youd be in for a big letdown. Instead the ancient equipment theyve given you actually slows you down. If back wages are owed to employees, the investigator will request payment of back wages. LockA locked padlock 1-844-234-5122 (ASL Video Phone) Civil Rights Violation, Hostile Work Environment, Religious Discrimination, Retaliation, Wrongful Termination, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Workplace Harassment, Beth B. Bloom, Sean M. Phelan, Anne E. Silver of Frank Freed Subit & Thomas LLP; Jamal N. Whitehead of Schroeter Goldmark & Bender. person making the statement knew or believed it was false at the time he or she Thomas & Solomon LLP I. Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) laws prohibit specific types of job discrimination in certain workplaces. We hold a final conference with the employer and/or the employer's representative to discuss any violations found and how to correct them. as corporate financial instability, when the applicant makes inquiries and the In a stunning recent development in Virginia employment law, the Supreme Court of Virginia held that an individual supervisor or manager may be held personally liable for wrongful discharge of an employee. on the false assurances caused them to lose salary, vacation pay and pension Keenan of Keenan & Bhatia, LLC, Civil Rights Violation, Hostile Work Environment, Race Discrimination, Retaliation, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Failure to Promote, Nancy L. Abrolat, Shahane A. Martirosyan, Edward E. Kim, Melvin L. Felton of Abrolat Law PC. The EEOC achieved a successful outcome in 95.8 percent of all district court resolutions. Miller v. The Board of Regents of The University of Minnesota, Keith A. Clouse, Camille A. Avant, Emily M. Stout of Clouse Brown PLLC; Mark W. Stout, Alan B. Padfield of Padfield & Stout LLP, Breach of Contract, Labor & Employment, Unpaid Benefits. benefits they would have accrued had they not been persuaded to leave their old In New York, employees have six years to sue for breach of contract. Penalties can be costly. Unlike in cases of wrongful dismissal, damages for wrongful hiring are not limited to a number of months severance pay. Article 1 The Dismissal of Employees under the Unfair Dismissal Law in the United Kingdom and Labor Arbitration Proceedings in the United States: The Parameters of Reasonableness and Just Cause Barry I. Mordsley Steven R. Wall Follow this and additional works at:http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cilj Part of theLaw Commons Joshua Erlich of The Erlich Law Office P.L.L.C. Most types of discrimination are prohibited once an employer has at least 15 employees. The employee will also promptly forward to the appropriate Regional Counsel a signed statement indicating whether he or she desires the Department of Justice to provide representation, and to otherwise protect his or her interests as provided for by law. Your new work environment may also not be as portrayed. Under federal law, it is illegal for an employer to fire an employee based on a protected characteristic. This means employers can legally fire employees for reasons that seem unfair but are not illegal. Tani E. Sapirstein, Aimee R. Goddard of Sapirstein & Sapirstein, P.C. For firms that have made the list and would like to signify their achievement on their website or in . Did the job ad seem too good to be true? Your employer can try to offer you reasonable fixes that come closer to meeting their obligations. Most countries throughout the world allow employers to dismiss employees only for cause. Holland & Knight LLP In a tight job market marked by low unemployment, employers may be tempted to exaggerate job benefits or make unrealistic promises to attract new hires. Washington employers must comply with these laws if they have eight or more employees. Breach of Contract, Tortious Interference, Wrongful Termination, Consumer Protection, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Emotional Distress, Commercial Litigation, Bad Faith. Several have already received long prison terms. made for the purpose of luring the applicant, punitive damages may be imposed. While the elements of this claim vary depending on state law, in general, The U.S. is one of a handful of countries where employment is predominantly at-will. being held liable for fraudulent inducement. If the misrepresentation is found to be deliberately WASHINGTON The U.S. A Minnesota statute prohibits companies from knowingly inducing employees to come to the state through false pretences, and the jury decided that was exactly what the employer had done: misrepresented the job to induce the employee to come to Minnesota. The jury found the employer misrepresented to the employee how far along it was in developing the project for which the employee was hired, and the job he was supposed to do never developed. Carney R. Shegerian of Shegerian & Associates, Inc. Pinter-Brown v. The Regents of The University of California, Age Discrimination, Civil Rights Violation, Gender Discrimination, Constructive Discharge, Whistleblower Retaliation, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Psychological Injury, Workplace Harassment, Martin I. Aarons, Shannon H.P. wrongful death and product liability suit against Cranfield Aerospace Solutions, LLC, in the District of Idaho. 1-800-669-6820 (TTY) 12/06/22 Losing your job can be a devastating experience, and knowing it was a "wrongful dismissal" makes it even more painful. with such lawsuits. Employees who have been let go from a job often want to know if they have a case for wrongful termination. Many have been pressured to testify against my client. However, the minimum is 20 employees for age discrimination and four employees for citizenship status discrimination. Like my client, I hope that Kazakhstan will one day become the vibrant democratic state it so eagerly promotes itself as being, and that everyone in this country receives due process, a fair trial, and legal representation. King, Unpaid Wages, Wrongful Termination, Whistleblower Retaliation, Labor & Employment, Emotional Distress, Promissory Estoppel, Roger W. Feicht, G. Joseph Curley, Jr., J. Anthony Nelson, II of Gunster. But there are some exceptions to the at-will rule. If an opening The minimum wage in Washington is $13.50 per hour (as of 2020; it's adjusted annually). Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( Locked padlock icon) . Hill v. Asian American Drug Abuse Program Inc. Gregory W. Smith, Diana W. Wells, Leila K. Al Faiz of Law Offices of Gregory W. Smith, Civil Rights Violation, Defamation, Wrongful Termination, Whistleblower Retaliation, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Abuse of Power, Failure to Promote, Reputational Harm. p.usa-alert__text {margin-bottom:0!important;} In order to succeed with this argument, you would generally have to show that your former employer intentionally created or allowed working conditions that violated public policy (such as laws requiring a safe work environment) and were so intolerable that any reasonable person in your position would have been compelled to resign. Some of the forms, such as the form for a generic complaint, apply to different types of cases. Under federal law, employees must generally be paid for any breaks of 20 minutes or less and for any time when they must work, even if the employer characterizes that time as a "break.". For the most part, damages must Numerous other prisoners are caught in similar miscarriages of justice. Since the invasion of Ukraine, the Kazakh government has, fortunately, attempted to distance itself from Moscow. jobs. 2680(h); Provided, That the amount of damages sustained is reasonable when compared with similar cases, litigated or settled, and the United States was given a reasonable opportunity to defend such individual and to participate in settlement negotiations. Mondaq uses cookies on this website. Under the federal Immigration Reform and Control Act, employers are prohibited from firing employees on the basis of their alien status. However, even companies outside of Minnesota should take note of this decision, since a common-law claim for fraudulent or negligent misrepresentation could lead to a similar result. Top 100 Labor & Employment Verdicts in the United States in 2018, Gary K. Burger, Jr. of Burger Law; Michael J. Flannery, Katherine Van Dyck of Cuneo Gilbert & LaDuca, LLP, Hootselle, et al. For Deaf/Hard of Hearing callers: Retaliation, Wrongful Termination, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Christopher P. Thorman, Daniel Petrov of Thorman Petrov Group, Age Discrimination, Civil Rights Violation, Retaliation, Wrongful Termination, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort. This blog is made available by Foley & Lardner LLP (Foley or the Firm) for informational purposes only. This is an Attorney Advertisement Not an Attorney Referral Service, How To Prove Age Discrimination In Hiring, How To File a Discrimination Claim in New York. The employer (or placement agency acting on its behalf) could be liable for higher damages. The minimum wage in Washington is $13.50 per hour (as of 2020; it's adjusted annually). Mondaq Ltd 1994 - 2023. v. Galardi South Enterprises, et al. Frequently Asked Questions, Agency Secures $439.2 Million in Monetary Benefits for Victims, Commissioner Charges and Directed Investigations, Office of Civil Rights, Diversity and Inclusion, Management Directives & Federal Sector Guidance, Federal Sector Alternative Dispute Resolution, EEOC Releases Fiscal Year 2020 Enforcement and Litigation Data, Retaliation: 37,632 (55.8 percent of all charges filed). made a significant misrepresentation concerning the job or the company; the and suffered damages because of that reliance. It is illegal for employers to discriminate against employees who assert their rights under wage and hour laws. After the demonstrations erupted in early 2022, the government clamped down on protesters, as well as on those like Arman Dzhumageldiev who publicly advocated for peaceful and orderly protests. JAFA does not create a private cause of action, so applicants cannot bring suit for a violation of the law. If you believe another verdict should be on this list, please contact us today. Lane, Liana Gerstle Orshan of Killmer, Lane & Newman, LLP, Age Discrimination, Civil Rights Violation, Constructive Discharge, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Charles A. Bonner, A. Cabral Bonner of Law Offices of Bonner & Bonner; Joseph A. Scrofano of Scrofano Law PC, Lewis v. Government of the District of Columbia, Civil Rights Violation, Due Process Violation, Invasion of Privacy, Retaliation, Wrongful Termination, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Emotional Distress. Little white lies an employer may tell are not legally actionable. Swaters v. Occupational Health Care of Florida P.A. Retaliation for reporting discrimination is illegal under the federal and state anti-discrimination laws described above. So when creating a new position, make sure that the need for the job exists before hire, or at least that recruiters and interviewers understand the tentative nature of the position so that they do not mislead candidates about the opportunities and duties of the position. agreements or understandings concerning employment. You can also obtain a personalized plaque to display in your office. 7316(e), the Secretary of Veterans Affairs may pay for monetary damages sustained by or assessed against an individual (or his or her estate) described in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, as the result of any suit instituted against such individual which is not congnizable under the provisions of 28 U.S.C. (e) Under the authority of 38 U.S.C. The Top Employment and wrongful termination Lawyers in Houston. Upon receipt of such information, the Regional Counsel will make a preliminary determination as to whether such suit comes within the provisions of either 28 U.S.C. PRIOR RESULTS DO NOT GUARANTEE A SIMILAR OUTCOME, Contact Thomas & Solomon Wrongful Termination Lawyers Today, Attorneys Against Discrimination & Harassment in the Workplace, The Me Too Movement And Sexual Harassment In The Workplace, Supreme Court Decides Scope of Dodd-Frank Whistleblower Protection. Should a Federal District Court determine that the Department of Veterans Affairs employee whose acts or omissions gave rise to the suit was not acting within the scope of his or her office or employment, and therefore not eligible for immunization as provided for in the aforementioned section, the case will be remanded to the State court from which it was removed, the employee will be reinstated as the defendant, and the United States will be dismissed from the suit. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) today released detailed breakdowns for the 67,448 charges of workplace discrimination the agency received in Fiscal Year (FY) 2020. Accordingly, when a suit is filed against any employee of the Department of Veterans Affairs as a result of a wrongful act or omission arising out of employment with the Government, or as a result of furnishing medical or dental care and treatment in or for the Veterans Health Administration, the employee shall immediately forward a copy of all papers served on him or her to the Regional Counsel having jurisdiction over the area in which the employee works. The affidavit will contain a factual description of the employee's duties and responsibilities at the time of the incident and should describe the incident in question. Important: While we strive to achieve maximum accuracy and completeness of our lists, we cannot guarantee either at 100%. The Washington Human Rights Commission enforces the state's laws prohibiting discrimination. 131 M Street, NE Theyd said youd be getting the latest tablet, smartphone and desktop PC. (d) Where a civil action is commenced in a State court against a Department of Veterans Affairs employee, and the matter is within the purview of either 28 U.S.C. If you have a written employment contract promising you job security, you are not an at-will employee. Federal law makes it illegal for most employers to fire an employee because of the employee's race, gender, national origin, disability, religion, genetic information, or age (if the person is at least 40 years old). For example, if you complain to your company's HR department that you believe you were passed over for promotion because of your age, your employer may not discipline or fire you for your complaint. It is also part of the information that we share to our content providers ("Contributors") who contribute Content for free for your use. On October 8, 2019, the United States Supreme Court heard oral argument in three cases involving employees who allege they were terminated from their employment because of their LGBT statuses. Official websites use .gov An interviewer must take reasonable care to avoid making misleading statements to job seekers. Can I File a Wrongful Termination Claim in a Right-To-Work State? 2679 or 38 U.S.C. In another New York case, a law firm was found to have fraudulently Such impulses should be resisted, to avoid the risk of lawsuits based on a theory of fraudulent inducement to hire. The .gov means its official. Middlebrooks v. Teva Pharmaceuticals USA Inc. Age Discrimination, Civil Rights Violation, Hostile Work Environment, National Origin Discrimination, Wrongful Termination, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Emotional Distress, Civil Rights Violation, Disability Discrimination, Wrongful Termination, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Emotional Distress, Workplace Harassment, Michael J. Ferrin of Michael J. Ferrin Attorney. Similarly, written reminders that employment is at-will can Civil Rights Violation, Disability Discrimination, Hostile Work Environment, Retaliation, Constructive Discharge, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Failure to Accommodate, William M. Crosby of Law Offices of William M. Crosby, Trimble v. Fullerton Joint Union High School District, Conspiracy, Wrongful Termination, Whistleblower Retaliation, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Abuse of Power, Jonathan H. Siegel, Jody I. LeWitter, Jean Krasilnikoff of Siegel, LeWitter & Malkani, Civil Rights Violation, Disability Discrimination, Hostile Work Environment, Retaliation, Wrongful Termination, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Workplace Harassment, Abuse of Power, Failure to Accommodate, Michael L. Barkett, Cassie M. Barkett of The Barkett Law Firm PLLC, Age Discrimination, Civil Rights Violation, Retaliation, Tortious Interference, Wrongful Termination, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Darryl M. Lucien of Lucien Law Group; Maximilian Lee of Law Office of Maximilian Lee, APC, Disability Discrimination, Wrongful Termination, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Failure to Accommodate, Family and Medical Leave Act. Other Popular Categories + Business Services + Accounting Back Office Services Cloud Consulting Human Resources . Many of those who remain incarcerated are being held simply for expressing their opinion, which is supposed to be protected in Kazakhstan. ; Chad E. Levy of Law Offices of Levy & Levy, P.A. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. These exceptions include: Each of these exceptions is discussed in more detail below. The list is comprised of various case types that were tried either in state or federal courts. In no event shall Foley or any of its partners, officers, employees, agents or affiliates be liable, directly or indirectly, under any theory of law (contract, tort, negligence or otherwise), to you or anyone else, for any claims, losses or damages, direct, indirect special, incidental, punitive or consequential, resulting from or occasioned by the creation, use of or reliance on this site (including information and other content) or any third party websites or the information, resources or material accessed through any such websites. Whether you want to try to get your job back, negotiate a severance package, or sue your employer in court, a lawyer can walk you through your options and help you decide on how best to proceed. To print this article, all you need is to be registered or login on Mondaq.com. The General Counsel, through the Regional Counsel, will keep the employee advised of the action being taken concerning the suit. Employers may not fire employees for filing wage claims or otherwise trying to recover their unpaid wages. present job and relocate their home and family in order to take the new job. What Qualifies as Wrongful Termination in New York? Civil Rights Violation, Hostile Work Environment, Race Discrimination, Wrongful Termination, Wage and Hour Violation, Whistleblower Retaliation, Labor & Employment, Wrongful Demotion, Failure to Promote, Michael P. Fairhurst, David A. In one New York case, a subsidiary of IBM was found liable for fraudulent Khalid, et al. Verbal promises made to you should also be mentioned. Breaching an employment contract can also constitute wrongful termination. Sterling, Carol A. Laughbaum of Sterling Attorneys at Law, P.C. Wrongful termination can be complex. The FTCA is meant to compensate people for injury, property loss, or death "caused by the negligent or wrongful act or omission of any employee of the Government." But this broad-sounding mandate is subject to a lot of fine print. Applicants and employees of most private employers, state and local governments, educational institutions, employment agencies and labor organizations may be assisted by the EEOC. claims have even been based on the failure to disclose harmful information, such Filing a Wrongful Termination Claim with the California Labor Board. The law prohibits: 1) citizenship status discrimination in hiring, firing, or recruitment or referral for a fee; 2) national origin discrimination in hiring, firing, or recruitment or referral for a fee; 3) unfair documentary practices during the employment eligibility verification, Form I-9 and E-Verify processes; and 4) retaliation or . POPULAR ARTICLES ON: Employment and HR from United States. A D.C. chiropractor who took part in the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the U.S. Capitol was sentenced Tuesday to two months in jail for a misdemeanor offense. .usa-footer .grid-container {padding-left: 30px!important;} A lawyer can help you sort through the facts and assess the strength of your claims. Many states, including New York, are at-will employment states. order to take a job. The list is comprised of various case types that were tried either in state or federal courts. The majority of jurisdictions within the United States provide tribunals or court systems which will observe actions for wrongful dismissals. Civil Rights Violation, Gender Discrimination, Hostile Work Environment, Sexual Harassment, Wrongful Termination, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Harassment, Failure to Promote, Todd H. Harrison, Brennan S. Kahn of Perona Langer Beck Serbin Harrison, Lizarraga v. Loma Linda University Medical Center, Civil Rights Violation, Disability Discrimination, Religious Discrimination, Wrongful Termination, Whistleblower Retaliation, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Workplace Harassment, Failure to Accommodate, Brian E. Spears of Spears Manning & Martini LLC, Age Discrimination, Breach of Contract, Breach of Fiduciary Duty, Civil Rights Violation, Wrongful Termination, Labor & Employment, Intentional Tort, Paul J. Dayton of Ogden Murphy Wallace, P.L.L.C. If you have been fired or a reason that is protected under the law, you may be titled to compensation. Mr. Dzhumageldiev, whom I represent as a lawyer, is one such person. Wrongful Termination Laws: Aliens. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Communicating with Foley through this website by email, blog post, or otherwise, does not create an attorney-client relationship for any legal matter.
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