what tribe was eliam from

At the beginning of Esarhaddon's reign in Assyria (681669 BC), Nabu-zer-kitti-liir, an ethnically Elamite governor in the south of Babylonia, revolted and besieged Ur, but was routed by the Assyrians and fled to Elam where the king of Elam, fearing Assyrian repercussions, took him prisoner and put him to the sword.[44]. [19] These rabbinical sources allege that it was on account of modesty and selflessness, and a prophetic vision of Joshua, that Jacob gave Ephraim precedence over Manasseh, the elder of the two;[19] in these sources, Jacob is regarded as sufficiently just that God upholds the blessing in his honour, and makes Ephraim the leading tribe. The uncertainty in this area extends also to modern scholarship. One of David's heroes (II Sam. He referred to Elam ("land of the Elymaei") as primarily the highland area of Khuzestan. That Anshan played a leading role in the political affairs of the various highland groups inhabiting southwestern Iran is clear. Their rule was characterized by an "Elamisation" of Susa, and the kings took the title "king of Anshan and Susa". (. Quintana Cifuentes, E., "Textos y Fuentes para el estudio del Elam", Murcia, 2000. Elam (/ilm/; Linear Elamite: hatamti; Cuneiform Elamite: alatamti; Sumerian: elam; Akkadian: elamtu; Hebrew: lm; Old Persian: hja)[1][2] was an ancient civilization centered in the far west and southwest of modern-day Iran, stretching from the lowlands of what is now Khuzestan and Ilam Province as well as a small part of southern Iraq. ", "It behooves us to ask, in spite of the fact that the overwhelming consensus of modern scholarship is that Joshua is a pious fiction composed by the deuteronomistic school, how does and how has the Jewish community dealt with these foundational narratives, saturated as they are with acts of violence against others? We learn from the tribe of Ephraim (and the other tribes) about our human essence, who we are as people. Twelve kings of each of the first two dynasties, those of Awan (or Avan; c. 2400 c. 2100 BC) and Simashki (c. 2100 c. 1970 BC), are known from a list from Susa dating to the Old Babylonian period. It is considered to be the site of Proto-Elamite cultural formation. [36], Indus bracelet made of Fasciolaria trapezium or Turbinella pyrum imported to Susa in 26001700 BC. Related names Via ( 'el ): See the 'browse by form' menu for a long list of 'el -names. References to Awan are generally older than those to Anshan, and some scholars suggest that both states encompassed the same territory, in different eras (see Hanson, Encyclopdia Iranica). He wields his weapons with blinding speed, probes his foes for weaknesses, and takes an almost cruel joy in sinking his blade into the flesh of his enemies. [5]:4 [6]. Father of Bath-sheba, or Bathshua. I reduced the temples of Elam to naught; their gods and goddesses I scattered to the winds. Is ZF + Def a conservative extension of ZFC+HOD? Among the nations that benefited from the decline of the Assyrians were the Iranian tribes, whose presence around Lake Urmia to the north of Elam is attested from the 9th century BC in Assyrian texts. The hairstyle and costume of the figures which are strewn with dots and hemmed with short fringe at the bottom, and the precious metals point to a date in the latter part of the second millennium BC rather than to the first millennium. A brief respite to the Elamites was provided by the civil war between Ashurbanipal and his own brother Shamash-shum-ukin, whom their father Esarhaddon had installed as the vassal king of Babylon. Several stages of the language are attested; the earliest date back to the third millennium BC, the latest to the Achaemenid Empire. Twelve Tribe Portions; Map of the Route of the Exodus; Map of The Egyptian Empire; Map of the Assyrian Empire; Map of the Babylonian Empire; Map of the Persian Empire; Map of the Greek Empire; Map of the Roman Empire; The New Testament World; Divisions of Herod's Kingdom; Map of the Sea of Galilee; Map of Ancient Mesopotamia; Map of Ur of the . With the collapse of Akkad under Sargon's great great-grandson, Shar-kali-sharri, Elam declared independence under the last Awan king, Kutik-Inshushinak (c. 2240 c. 2220 BC), and threw off the Akkadian language, promoting in its place the brief Linear Elamite script. This name also occurs as that of a Gilonite, the son of Ahithophel, and one of David's thirty warriors ( 2 Samuel 23:34). Morrish Bible Dictionary . ELIAM - JewishEncyclopedia.com ELIAM: By: Emil G. Hirsch, Gerson B. Levi 1. Josh. These were born to him in Jerusalem: Shimea, Shobab, Nathan and Solomon, four, by Bath-shua the daughter of Ammiel; Any difference between \binom vs \choose? In 2 Samuel did God cause Absalom to sin? While Elamite is viewed as a language isolate by the vast majority of linguists, a minority of scholars have proposed that the Elamite language could be related to the Dravidian languages. Regarded as a sister of the so-called "Divine Seven of Elam" from Mesopotamian god lists. Along with members of the tribe of Judah, members of the tribe of Ephraim are believed to be playing an important leadership roles for covenant Israel in the last days. 30:32). [62][63], There were also imported deities, such as Beltiya,[55] Nergal or Nanaya; some native Elamite deities had Akkadian or Sumerian names as well (ex. Yet in other ancient sources 'Elam' and 'Susiana' seem equivalent.[14]. 3:5 ). The various Assyrian Empires, which had been the dominant force in the Near East, Asia Minor, the Caucasus, North Africa, Arabian peninsula and East Mediterranean for much of the period from the first half of the 14th century BC, began to unravel after the death of Ashurbanipal in 627 BC, descending into a series of bitter internal civil wars which also spread to Babylonia. As the book of Romans says, "All have . The history of the early Israelites reflects our universally flawed and sinful nature. In its Greek form, Elymais, it emerges as designating a semi-independent state under Parthian suzerainty during the 2nd century BC to the early 3rd century AD. Did Absalom have 3 sons (2 Samuel 14:27) or none (2 Samuel 18:18)? According to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Ephraim (Hebrew: , Epraym, in pausa: , Eprym) was one of the tribes of Israel. The modern name Elam stems from the Sumerian transliteration elam(a), along with the later Akkadian elamtu, and the Elamite haltamti. The Elamite language endonym of Elam as a country appears to have been Hatamti ( in Linear Elamite),[9][10] or Haltami (Cuneiform Elamite: haltamti). Bathsheba is one of only five women listed in the ancestry of Jesus Christ ( Matthew 1:6 ). [42][43] He was defeated by Nebuchadnezzar I of Babylon, who sacked Susa and returned the statue of Marduk, but who was then himself defeated by the Assyrian king Ashur-resh-ishi I. Many archaeological finds suggest that maritime trade along the shores of Africa and Asia started several millennia ago. He who would seize my statue, who would smash it, who would destroy its inscription, who would erase my name, may he be smitten by the curse of Napirisha, of Kiririsha, and of Inshushinka, that his name shall become extinct, that his offspring be barren, that the forces of Beltiya, the great goddess, shall sweep down on him. [8], However, on the accession of Rehoboam, David's grandson, in c. 930BCE the northern tribes split from the House of David to form the northern Kingdom of Israel. Some time after that region fell to Madius the Scythian (653 BC), Teispes, son of Achaemenes, conquered Elamite Anshan in the mid 7th century BC, forming a nucleus that would expand into the Persian Empire. Is there an extra virgin olive brand produced in Spain, called "Clorlina"? Joshua 16:1-4[20] outlines the borders of the lands allocated to the "children of Joseph", i.e. [14], Disagreements over the location also exist in the Jewish historical sources says Daniel T. Potts. It was apparently founded by Eparti I. The Truth confirms that the Covenant WORD of God spoken by Elohim in the Garden of Eden is unchangeable and His WORD is fulfilled within the Last Adam, Jesus Christ, for He is the Only Begotten Son of God. 34); son of Ahithophel the Gilonite (comp. The prophet Ezekiel describes the status of their power in the 12th year of the Hebrew Babylonian Captivity in 587 BC: There is Elam and all her multitude, All around her grave, All of them slain, fallen by the sword, Who have gone down uncircumcised to the lower parts of the earth, Who caused their terror in the land of the living; Now they bear their shame with those who go down to the Pit. [11], Exonyms included the Sumerian names NIM.MAki and ELAM, the Akkadian Elam (masculine/neuter) and Elamtu (feminine) meant "resident of Susiana, Elamite".[12]. The Awan dynasty (23502150 BC)[21] was partly contemporary with that of the Mesopotamian emperor Sargon of Akkad, who not only defeated the Awan king Luh-ishan and subjected Susa, but attempted to make the East Semitic Akkadian the official language there. He installed several vassal kings such as Tammaritu, although these quickly broke off relations with Assyria over their pillages. 853 bc), was also an Ephraimite. The Elamites gave support to Shamash-shum-ukin, but also engaged in fighting among themselves. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge that you have read and understand our privacy policy and code of conduct. Under the Shutrukids (c. 1210 1100 BC), the Elamite empire reached the height of its power. Eliam is an equivalently rare last name too for all people. Traditionally, this was done through a federated governmental structure. The earliest levels (2217 in the excavations conducted by Le Brun, 1978) exhibit pottery that has no equivalent in Mesopotamia, but for the succeeding period, the excavated material allows identification with the culture of Sumer of the Uruk period. Father of Bath-sheba (II Sam. "Bathsheba" is a very Hebrew name but that does not preclude her being either Hebrew or some other national origin. 11.23: 'Thus Joshua conquered the whole country, just as the L, 2 Chronicles 30:1, 30:10, 30:18, 34:6, 34:9, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, "Writing Israel's History at the End of the Twentieth Century", "Early Israel in Recent Biblical Scholarship", Lost tribe of Israel found in southern India, Map of the Tribal Territory of the Tribe of Ephraim, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tribe_of_Ephraim&oldid=1150144739, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2010, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from Easton's Bible Dictionary, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0. The father of Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah (2 Sam.11:3).In 1 Chr. perhaps these two were the same person.. I entered its palaces, I opened their treasuries where silver and gold, goods and wealth were amassed I destroyed the ziggurat of Susa. Khumma-Menanu recruited a new army to help the Babylonians and Chaldeans against the Assyrians at the battle of Halule in 691. Known from Middle and Neo-Elamite sources. "[56]:403 Worship also varied between localities. [22] However, even by the time of the prophetess Deborah, Bethel is described as being in the land of the Tribe of Ephraim. xi. From this time, Mesopotamian sources concerning Elam become more frequent, since the Mesopotamians had developed an interest in resources (such as wood, stone, and metal) from the Iranian plateau, and military expeditions to the area became more common. Some scholars dispute this date range and place Saul later, perhaps as late as "the second half of the tenth century B.C.E. Get Your Bible Minute in Your Inbox Every Morning, (Gods people. In ancient Luristan, bronze-making tradition goes back to the mid-3rd millennium BC, and has many Elamite connections. A 4.5 inch long lapis lazuli dove is studded with gold pegs. [105], The name of "Elam" survived into the Hellenistic period and beyond. Bathsheba Eliam (2 Sam 11:3) or Amiel (2 Chron 3:5), which, because of the way Hebrew works is the same name. [19] According to several biblical scholars, Benjamin was also originally part of the House of Joseph, but the biblical account of this became lost;[19][33] Benjamin being differentiated by being that part of Ephraim (House of Joseph) which joined the Kingdom of Judah rather than that of Israel. What can we learn from the tribe of Manasseh? According to archaeologist Israel Finkelstein, there is doubt about whether the biblical ordering for the reigns of the early monarchs is reliable, and that the sequence preserved in the Bible, in which David follows Saul as king of Israel, may not be historically accurate. We first meet Elijah in 1 Kings 17:1 when he suddenly appears to challenge Ahab, an evil king who ruled the northern kingdom from 874 to 853 BC. Alternative to 'stuff' in "with regard to administrative or financial _______. They were largely regarded as vassals of the Assyrians, and the Medes, Mannaeans, and Persians paid tribute to Assyria from the 10th century BC until the death of Ashurbanipal in 627 BC. In 540 BC, Achaemenid rule began in Susa. (2000 U.S. The Assyrians had utterly destroyed the Elamite nation, but new polities emerged in the area after Assyrian power faded. Son of Ahithophel the Gilonite, and one of David's heroes ( 2 Samuel 23:34 ). 1. Starting the Prompt Design Site: A New Home in our Stack Exchange Neighborhood, Statement from SO: June 5, 2023 Moderator Action. About a century later, the Sumerian king Shulgi of the Neo-Sumerian Empire retook the city of Susa and the surrounding region. 1. [52], This life-size votive offering of Queen Napir-Asu was commissioned around 1300 BC in Susa, Iran. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. . Elam is the ancestor of a family that returned from the Captivity in Ezra 2:31. Elamite royalty in the final century preceding the Achaemenids was fragmented among different small kingdoms, the united Elamite nation having been destroyed and colonised by the Assyrians. Knowledge of Elamite history remains largely fragmentary, reconstruction being based on mainly Mesopotamian (Sumerian, Akkadian, Assyrian and Babylonian) sources. Khallushu was in turn assassinated by Kutir-Nakhkhunte, who succeeded him but soon abdicated in favor of Khumma-Menanu III (692689 BC). In the biblical account, following the completion of the conquest of Canaan by the Israelite Joshua allocated the land among the twelve tribes. Semiology of the Gryphon Motif in Ancient Elamite Architecture. Little is known about the latter part of this dynasty, since sources again become sparse with the Kassite rule of Babylon (from c. 1595 BC). "The History of Elam". Bathsheba, also spelled Bethsabee, in the Hebrew Bible (2 Samuel 11, 12; 1 Kings 1, 2), wife of Uriah the Hittite; she later became one of the wives of King David and the mother of King Solomon. Eliam - dictionary definition, verses and Bible references on the topic of Eliam using Smith's Bible Dictionary online.. [4] However, many archeologists have abandoned the idea that Joshua carried out a conquest of Canaan similar to that described in the Book of Joshua, seeing Jews instead as indigenous Canaanites who developed a monotheistic religion over time. "[7], After the death of Saul, the Bible records all the tribes other than Judah remained loyal to the House of Saul. The above conclusion should be tentative because of the difficulty in even defining what a Hebrew is because Boaz' mother was a Caanaite woman but was still counted as Hebrew; the same is true for Moses' children whose mother was also not a biological Hebrew; the same is true of Judah's children whose mother was Tamar, etc, etc. Found near the Temple of Inshushinak in Susa, these statuettes would have been considered charged with beneficial power. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Dictionaries Encyclopedias Lexicons One of David's heroes ( 2 Samuel 23:34 ); son of Ahithophel the Gilonite (comp. The tribe was named after one of the younger sons of Joseph, himself a son of Jacob. What can we learn from the tribe of Issachar? No central government existed, and in times of crisis the people were led by ad hoc leaders known as Judges (see the Book of Judges). Multiple boolean arguments - why is it bad? The emergence of written records from around 3000 BC also parallels Sumerian history, where slightly earlier records have been found. To this core Shushiana was periodically annexed and broken off. In 1158 BC, after much of Babylonia had been annexed by Ashur-Dan I of Assyria and Shutruk-Nakhkhunte, the Elamites defeated the Kassites permanently, killing the Kassite king of Babylon, Zababa-shuma-iddin, and replacing him with his eldest son, Kutir-Nakhkhunte, who held it no more than three years before being ejected by the native Akkadian speaking Babylonians.
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