[227], Religious self-identification, per Public Religion Research Institute's 2022 American Values Survey[230]. [110] Surface soils in the area are highly diverse, and greatly affected by the local geology, whether glaciated plain, intermountain basin, mountain foothills, or tableland. This page was last edited on 23 June 2023, at 15:14. Highway 212, the primary paved route between the two, passes through the northeast corner of Wyoming between Montana and South Dakota. EXECUTIVE MANSION, Montana has a population of 1,084,225 people, as of 2020. Approximately 63% of all Native people live off the reservations, concentrated in the larger Montana cities, with the largest concentration of urban Indians in Great Falls. Railroads have been an important method of transportation in Montana since the 1880s. [303], In May 2023, Montana became the first US state to ban the social media app TikTok and online marketplace Temu.[304][305][306]. Montana has some 3,000 named lakes and reservoirs, including Flathead Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in the western United States. The first schools were subscription schools that typically met in the teacher's home. Hell Roaring Creek begins in southern Montana, and when combined with the Red Rock, Beaverhead, Jefferson, Missouri, and Mississippi River, is the longest river in North America and the fourth longest river in the world. This act brought mostly cattle and sheep ranchers into Montana, many of whom grazed their herds on the Montana prairie for three years, did little to irrigate the land and then abandoned it without paying the final fees. Located in the south-central portion of the state, it is the seat of Yellowstone County and the principal city of the Billings Metropolitan Area, which has a population of 171,677. About Montana; Population: 1,005,141; Nickname: Treasure State; State Capital: Helena; State Flower: Bitterroot; State Bird: Western Meadowlark; State Animal: Grizzly . The abbreviation for Montana is MT. Bureau of Economic Analysis. The organization is an outreach endeavor that is part of the College of Arts & Architecture at Montana State University, Bozeman. [292] In 2013, AARP The Magazine named the Billings Clinic one of the safest hospitals in the United States. Among Montana's most historically prominent senators are Thomas J. Walsh (serving from 1913 to 1933), who was President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt's choice for attorney general when he died; Burton K. Wheeler (serving from 1923 to 1947), an oft-mentioned presidential candidate and strong supporter of isolationism; Mike Mansfield, the longest-serving Senate majority leader in U.S. history; Max Baucus (served 1978 to 2014), longest-serving U.S. senator in Montana history, and the senator who shepherded the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act through the Senate in 2010; and Lee Metcalf (served 1961 to 1978), a pioneer of the environmental movement. Montana Shakespeare in the Parks has been performing free, live theatrical productions of Shakespeare and other classics throughout Montana and the Northwest region since 1973. The Montana Worker's Compensation Court was established by the Montana Workers' Compensation Act in 1975. [68][69], By the time the U.S. entered World War II on December 8, 1941, many Montanans had enlisted in the military to escape the poor national economy of the previous decade. The state ranks 48th in population density. Virginia City became the largest settlement with an estimated population of 5,000 by . [45], In the early 1900s, James J. Hill of the Great Northern began to promote settlement in the Montana prairie to fill his trains with settlers and goods. Wyoming is to the south, Idaho is to the west and southwest, and the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan are to the north, making it the only state to border three Canadian provinces. Brian Morris, who served as an associate justice of the Montana Supreme Court from 2005 to 2013, currently serves as a judge on the court. Explore Billings. Decisions of the court are appealable directly to the Montana Supreme Court. The two largest schools, the University of Montana and Montana State University, are members of the Big Sky Conference and have enjoyed a strong athletic rivalry since the early twentieth century. The first territorial capital was located at Bannack. [194], Montana has a larger Native American population, both numerically and as a percentage, than most U.S. states. May 26 1864 Statehood. The mountain ranges block the moist Pacific air, holding moisture in the western valleys, and creating rain shadows to the east. [325] Republicans Matt Rosendale and Ryan Zinke are the current officeholders. [162] The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks manages fishing and hunting seasons for at least 17 species of game fish, including seven species of trout, walleye, and smallmouth bass[163] and at least 29 species of game birds and animals including ring-neck pheasant, grey partridge, elk, pronghorn antelope, mule deer, whitetail deer, gray wolf, and bighorn sheep.[164]. 1875 Montana becomes the 41st state on November 8. On the eastern (leeward) side of a mountain range, the valleys are much drier; Lonepine averages 11.45 inches (291mm), and Deer Lodge 11.00 inches (279mm) of precipitation. [167], The coldest temperature on record for Montana is also the coldest temperature for the contiguous United States. Vegetation of the state includes lodgepole pine, ponderosa pine, Douglas fir, larch, spruce, aspen, birch, red cedar, hemlock, ash, alder, rocky mountain maple and cottonwood trees. Mountain ranges can accumulate 300 inches or 7.62 meters of snow during a winter. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota and South Dakota to the east, Wyoming to the south, and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, and Saskatchewan to the north. During the first decade of the new century, growth was mainly concentrated in Montana's seven largest counties, with the highest percentage growth in Gallatin County, which had a 32.9% increase in its population from 2010 to 2020. [279] Fishing makes up a sizeable component of Montana's total tourism economic output: in 2017, nonresidents generated $4.7 billion in economic output, of which, $1.3 billion was generated by visitor groups participating in guided fishing experiences.[280]. More than 40 spent time in prison. [115] Farther east, areas such as Makoshika State Park near Glendive and Medicine Rocks State Park near Ekalaka contain some of the most scenic badlands regions in the state. [127] The Kootenai River in northwest Montana is another major tributary of the Columbia. The coldest month varies between December and January depending on location, although figures are similar throughout. 1889 This changed in 1959 when Lee Enterprises bought several Montana newspapers. The Montana Code 7-1-4124 gives municipal governments in Montana powers to enact ordinances, borrow money, and enact eminent domain . [18] In the 1850s, settlers began moving into the Beaverhead and Big Hole valleys from the Oregon Trail and into the Clark's Fork valley.[19]. The glaciers in Montana today are very small compared with the great tongues of ice of the past. [42], The Homestead Act of 1862 provided free land to settlers who could claim and "prove-up" 160 acres (0.65km2) of federal land in the Midwest and western United States. [310][311], Montana is governed by a constitution. About Montana; Population: 1,005,141; Nickname: Treasure State; State Capital: Helena; State Flower: Bitterroot; State Bird: Western Meadowlark; State Animal: Grizzly . When Montana became a state, the fight for the location of the state capital pitted "Copper King" Marcus Daly of Anaconda against rival William A. Clark, who supported Helena. Another 40,000-plus Montanans entered the armed forces in the first year following the declaration of war, and more than 57,000 joined up before the war ended. The western meadowlark is Montana's state bird. No data available Six of Montana's smaller four-year schools are members of the Frontier Conference. [295][296], As of 2010, Missoula is the 166th largest media market in the United States as ranked by Nielsen Media Research, while Billings is 170th, Great Falls is 190th, the Butte/Bozeman area 191st, and Helena is 206th. However, since 1889 the state has voted for Democratic governors 60 percent of the time, and Republican governors 40 percent of the time. Montana and South Dakota are the only states to share a land border that is not traversed by a paved road. However, the railroad played a major role in sparking tensions with Native American tribes in the 1870s. The Kerguelen Islands are antipodal to the MontanaSaskatchewanAlberta border. [28] By 1884, commercial hunting had brought bison to the verge of extinction; only about 325 bison remained in the entire United States. The wheat farms in eastern Montana make the state a major producer; the wheat has a relatively high protein content, thus commands premium prices. Throughout the state, summer nights are generally cool and pleasant. The war created a boom for Montana mining, lumber, and farming interests, as demand for war materials and food increased. [208] The Blackfeet nation is headquartered on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (1851) in Browning, Crow on the Crow Indian Reservation (1868)[209] in Crow Agency, Confederated Salish and Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille on the Flathead Indian Reservation (1855) in Pablo, Northern Cheyenne on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation (1884) at Lame Deer, Assiniboine and Gros Ventre on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (1888) in Fort Belknap Agency, Assiniboine and Sioux on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation (1888) at Poplar, and Chippewa-Cree on the Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (1916) near Box Elder. [320], The 1972 constitution requires that voters determine every 20 years whether to hold a new constitutional convention. Census 2020 Population Resources. The Flathead flows into and then out of Flathead Lake, the largest natural lake in the state. On January 3, 2012, the Census and Economic Information Center (CEIC) at the Montana Department of Commerce estimated Montana had hit the one million population mark sometime between November and December 2011. In addition, Montana was going through a temporary period of higher-than-average precipitation. Corrections? Senator in 1978). [117] Paleontologist Jack Horner of the Museum of the Rockies in Bozeman brought this formation to the world's attention with several major finds.[118]. [176][177] The warmer winters in the region have allowed various species to expand their ranges and proliferate. Although Arizona is not one of the most populous states in the US, it has by far the highest state capital population in the country with close to 1.7 million people living in Phoenix, up from just under 1.5 million in 2010. A series of major mineral discoveries in the western part of the state found gold, silver, copper, lead, and coal (and later oil) which attracted tens of thousands of miners to the area. Gold output between 1862 and 1876 reached $144million, after which silver became even more important. Gray Wolf. Montana's birth rate has been below the U.S. birth rate since the 80s. [78] Many of these isolated eastern ranges were created about 120 to 66million years ago when magma welling up from the interior cracked and bowed the earth's surface here. United States presidential election results for Montana. Montana's total population estimate reached over one million people in 2012. Heron, in the west, receives the most precipitation, 34.70 inches (881mm). The Montana Water Court was established by the Montana Water Court Act of 1979. The first gold discovered in Montana was at Gold Creek near present-day Garrison in 1852. Previously, these cold spells had killed off bark beetles, but these are now attacking the forests of western Montana. The western half of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges, while the eastern half is characterized by western prairie terrain and badlands, with smaller mountain ranges found throughout the state. By 1889, when Montana became the 41st state of the union, the cattle drive was an institution, and the state had begun to emerge as one of the countrys leading copper-mining centres. [334], .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}47N 110W / 47N 110W / 47; -110 (State of Montana), Media related to Montana at Wikimedia Commons, "Big Sky Country" redirects here. The Clerk of the Montana Supreme Court is also an elected position and serves a six-year term. [236] Significant industries exist for lumber and mineral extraction; the state's resources include gold, coal, silver, talc, and vermiculite. Its rivers feed the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and Hudson Bay. 2012).Although candidates must remain nonpartisan, spending by partisan entities is now permitted. Rising in southwest Montana, where it is formed by the confluence of the Jefferson, Madison, and Gallatin rivers, the Missouri is a tributary of the Mississippi River, which flows into the Gulf of Mexico and thus is part of the Atlantic Ocean drainage system. [286] There are 24 areas where snowmobile trails are maintained, most also offering ungroomed trails. The bottoms of the incised valleys are made up of alluvial floodplains, terraces, and soft-rock benchlands. [191] [192], According to the 2020 census, 88.9% of the population was White (87.8% non-Hispanic White), 6.7% American Indian and Alaska Native, 4.1% Hispanics and Latinos of any race, 0.9% Asian, 0.6% Black or African American, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander, and 2.8% from two or more races. Attorneys for Darius Miles on Wednesday filed a motion for immunity, asking Tuscaloosa County Circuit Judge Daniel Pruet to dismiss capital murder charges on the . NOAA Technical Report NESDIS 150", "Historical Population Change Data (19102020)", "The 2022 Annual Homelessness Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress", "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Montana; United States", "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States", "Population of Montana - Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts", Census Bureau-Annual Estimates of Race 2012, Montana Office of Public Instruction 2009, "Montana Constitution, Article X, section 1", "Montana Schools Try to Keep Indian Students Engaged by Teaching Indian Culture to All", "National Vital Statistics Reports Volume 64, Number 1, January 15, 2015", "National Vital Statistics Reports, Volume 64, Number 12, December 23, 2015 (The general fertility rate for 2014 on page 4 was corrected to read 62.9 on December 23, 2015. The mountains can receive over 100 inches (2,500mm), for example the Grinnell Glacier in Glacier National Park gets 105 inches (2,700mm). Montana is the only state in the union without a modern naval ship named in its honor. [174] Many Montana cities set heat records during July 2007, the hottest month ever recorded in Montana. Youth Courts have jurisdiction over misdemeanor and felony acts committed by those charged as a juvenile under the law. [48] This combination of advertising and changes in the Homestead Act drew tens of thousands of homesteaders, lured by free land, with World War I bringing particularly high wheat prices. [233] In 2020, the largest Christian denominations by adherents were the following: the Catholic Church (112,389), non-denominational Protestantism (54,540), and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (50,552).[234]. Rocky Mountain Montana is a land of high mountains, deep valleys, green forests, and treeless crest lines, whereas Great Plains Montana is a vast horizontal sweep of yellow rangeland, golden grain fields, and brown fallow strips. [47] In 1916, the Stock-Raising Homestead Act allowed homesteads of 640 acres in areas unsuitable for irrigation. [318] Major amendments include establishment of a reclamation trust (funded by taxes on natural resource extraction) to restore mined land (1974); restoration of sovereign immunity, when such immunity has been approved by a two-thirds vote in each house (1974); establishment of a 90-day biennial (rather than annual) legislative session (1974); establishment of a coal tax trust fund, funded by a tax on coal extraction (1976); conversion of the mandatory decennial review of county government into a voluntary one, to be approved or disallowed by residents in each county (1978); conversion of the provision of public assistance from a mandatory civil right to a non-fundamental legislative prerogative (1988);[319] a new constitutional right to hunt and fish (2004); a prohibition on gay marriage (2004); and a prohibition on new taxes on the sale or transfer of real property (2010). [298] As of August 2013, there are 527 FCC-licensed FM radio stations broadcast in Montana, with 114 such AM stations. The first permanent settlement by Euro-Americans in what today is Montana was St. Mary's, established in 1841 near present-day Stevensville. BILLINGS, Mont. [225] Also, 15,438 (1.7% of the state population) were speakers of Indo-European languages other than English or Spanish, 10,154 (1.1%) were speakers of a Native American language, and 4,052 (0.4%) were speakers of an Asian or Pacific Islander language. Federal courts in Montana include the United States District Court for the District of Montana and the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Montana. GENERAL PROVISIONS Part 5. https://www.britannica.com/place/Montana-state, Encyclopedia of the Great Plains - Montana, United States, CRW Flags - Flag of Montana, United States, Official Site of the State of Montana, United States, Official Tourism Site of the Montana, United States, Montana - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Montana - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Former Navy SEAL seeks GOP nod to challenge Montana Democratic US Sen. Tester in 2024, Federal board sides with Navajo coal company, says BNSF Railway must ship to Canadian port, Power couple Zooey Zephyr and Erin Reed are spreading hope to fellow transgender people, Work begins to clean up train derailment in Montana's Yellowstone River, No sign of threat from the hazardous train that plunged into Yellowstone River, regulators say, United States: The northern Mountain region. They consist of a chief probation officer, one or more juvenile probation officers, and support staff. [17] In 1847, Fort Benton was built as the uppermost fur-trading post on the Missouri River. [169][verification needed] The variation in geography leads to great variation in temperature. Extreme hot weather is less common above 4,000 feet or 1,200 meters. Population (2020) 1,084,225; (2022 est.) In 2012, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down Montana's judicial nonpartisan election law in .mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}American Tradition Partnership, Inc. v. Bullock, 567 U.S. ____ (Sup.Ct. [13], As part of the Missouri River watershed, all of the land in Montana east of the Continental Divide was part of the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, except for a tiny portion in the northeast that is part of the Hudson Bay drainage. The city having the largest percentage growth was Kalispell, with 40.1%, and the city with the largest increase in actual residents was Billings, with an increase in population of 12,946 from 2010 to 2020. NEW YORK (AP) Yusef Salaam, who as a child was part of a group of teenagers wrongly accused, convicted and imprisoned for the rape of a woman jogging in Central Park, took a commanding lead Tuesday in a Democratic primary for a City Council seat in New York.. Salaam faces two veteran politicians, New York Assembly members Al Taylor, 65, and Inez Dickens, 73, in the race for a seat .
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