Equity concerns require that impact evaluations go beyond simple average impact to identify for whom and in what ways the programmes have been successful. Laincz, Christopher A. Information, REPORT A table comparing analytical results with the site specific Impact to Ground Water Soil Remediation Criteria; and Discussion and evaluation of all conditions identified in this guidance, including supporting documentation. To answer evaluative questions, what is meant by quality and value must first be defined and then relevant evidence gathered. [assessing relevance, equity, gender equality, human rights], KEQ2: How well was the intervention implemented and adapted as needed? Evaluations that are being undertaken to support accountability should be clear about who is being held accountable, to whom and for what. To establish a causal relationship, impact evaluations rely on a set of experimental and quasi-experimental methods. Sign up for the GEI newsletter and follow the latest news from the network. The content is based on UNICEF Methodological Briefs for Impact Evaluation, a collaborative project between the UNICEF Office of Research Innocenti, BetterEvaluation, RMIT University and the International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie).The briefs were written by (in alphabetical order): E. Jane Davidson, Thomas de Hoop, Delwyn Goodrick, Irene Guijt, Bronwen McDonald, Greet Peersman, Patricia Rogers, Shagun Sabarwal, Howard White. Methodologies to evaluate early childhood development programs(Behrman et al. Welcome to the Open Knowledge Repository beta.For any questions about this beta site or any issues you run into please contact okr@worldbank.org, Impact Evaluation in Practice, Second Edition, Open Knowledge Repository content related to COVID-19 / coronavirus can be found. This brief provides an overview of the different elements of impact evaluation and options for planning and managing its various stages. It specifies designs for causal attribution, including whether and how comparison groups will be constructed, and methods for data collection and analysis. Students will learn to critically analyze evaluation research and to gauge how convincing the research is in identifying a causal impact. Impact evaluations provide information about the impacts produced by an intervention. This book also details challenges and goals in other realms of evaluation, including monitoring and evaluation (M&E . This section gives you a head start in identifying and contracting service providers. Reiter, Jerome P. It might not be appropriate when it is peripheral to the strategies and priorities of an organisation, partnership and/or government. Editors Note: The PowerPoints referenced in the book are unfortunately unavailable. Impact Evaluation Notes No. Guidelines for impact evaluation in education using experimental design(Bando, Rosangela; IDB, 2013). This week, EvalPartners will be launching EvalGender+, the global partnership for equity-focused and gender-responsive evaluations. The authors appreciate your interest in the book and its materials, and will gladly receive suggestions for improvements. Sperlich, Stefan Impact evaluation for microfinance(Karlan and Goldberg; World Bank, 2007). the Care for Child Development Plus (C4CD plus) impact evaluation report is a joint initiative of the Department of Public Health (DoPH) Ministry of Health (MoH) and Save the Children. Guidance Note No. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Development Assistance Committee (OECD-DAC). Impact Evaluation in Practice is an essential resource for evaluators, social programs, ministries, and others committed to making decisions using good evidence. All the concepts areclearly defined in a rigorous mathematical framework. Elsewhere, its fundamental basis may revolve around adaptive learning, in which case the theory of change should focus on articulating how the various actors gather and use information together to make ongoing improvements and adaptations. Evaluations produce stronger and more useful findings if they not only investigate the links between activities and impacts but also investigate links along the causal chain between activities, outputs, intermediate outcomes and impacts. Technol. Wollni, Meike Hence, it is particularly important that impact evaluation is addressed as part of an integrated monitoring, evaluation and research plan and system that generates and makes available a range of evidence to inform decisions. affects which types of surveys are feasible and the likely level of participant attrition during an evaluation. TheKEQsalso need to reflect the intended uses of the impact evaluation. We face big challenges to help the worlds poorest people and ensure that everyone sees benefits from economic growth. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. The GEI focuses support on efforts that are country-owned and aligned with local needs, goals and perspectives. Start the data collection planning by reviewing to what extent existing data can be used. Washington DC:InterAction. La evaluacin se basa en una combinacin de hechos y valores (principios, atributos o cualidades que se consideran intrnsecamente buenos, deseables, importantes y de utilidad general , por ejemplo ser justos con todos) para calibrar el mrito de una intervencin (es decir, de un programa o una poltica). Data and research help us understand these challenges and set priorities, share knowledge of what works, and measure progress. BambergerM (2012). This goes beyond looking only at goals and objectives to also examine unintended impacts. An impact evaluation assesses the extent to which a program has caused desired changes in the intended audience. Evidence on multiple dimensions should subsequently besynthesizedto generate answers to the high-level evaluative questions. Case studies illustrate different applications of impact evaluations. Impact evaluation for school-based management reform(Gertler et al. All evaluation questions should be linked explicitly to the evaluative criteria to ensure that the criteria are covered in full. The updated version covers the newest techniques for evaluating programs and includes state-of-the-art implementation advice, as well as an expanded set of examples and case studies that draw on recent development challenges. [assessing effectiveness, efficiency], KEQ3: Did the intervention produce the intended results in the short, medium and long term? Accessibility, Access to There are three design options that address causal attribution: Some individuals andorganisationsuse a narrower definition ofimpact evaluation, and only include evaluations containing acounterfactual of some kind. 500 L'Enfant Plaza SW Washington, DC 20024 This report is in the public domain. There must be clarity and transparency about the evaluative reasoning used, with the explanations clearly understandable to both non-evaluators and readers without deep content expertise in the subject matter. The choice of methods and designs for impact evaluation of policies and Managing an Impact Evaluation 201 BetterEvaluation is part of the Global Evaluation Initiative, a global network of organizations and experts supporting country governments to strengthen monitoring, evaluation, and the use of evidence in their countries. For example, achieving the intermediateoutcomes of improved access to land and increased levels ofparticipation in community decision-making might occur before, andcontribute to, the intended final impact of improved health andwell-being for women. The evaluation methodology sets out how the key evaluation questions (KEQs) will be answered. Sci. The World Bank will not be responsible for any possible adverse effects resulting from downloading or using the provided online materials. The evaluation report should be structured in a manner that reflects the purpose andKEQsof the evaluation. This will help to confirm that the planned data collection (and collation of existing data) will cover all of theKEQs, determine if there is sufficienttriangulationbetween different data sources and help with the design of data collection tools (such as questionnaires, interview questions, data extraction tools for document review and observation tools) to ensure that they gather the necessary information. However, the authors are unable to respond to requests for individual assistance on the case study, including on downloading the materials and interpreting Stata commands or results. Hrner, Denise This special edition of the IDS Bulletin presentscontributions from the event Impact Innovation and Learning: Towards a Research and Practice Agenda for the Future, organised by IDS in March 2013. [assessing relevance, equity, gender equality, human rights], KEQ7: To what extent did the intervention represent the best possible use of available resources to achieve results of the greatest possible value to participants and the community? What is impact evaluation? A handbook for practitioners, Handbook on impact evaluation: quantitative methods and practices, Recent developments in the econometrics of impact evaluation, The mystery of vanishing benefits: an introduction to impact evaluation, In pursuit of balance. 1. Book summary views reflect the number of visits to the book and chapter landing pages. Theinterventionmight be a small project, a largeprogramme, a collection of activities, or a policy. Evaluation, by definition, answersevaluativequestions, that is, questions about quality and value. About the course The course aimed to address an important prerequisite for incorporating impact evaluation (IE) into programme design: a theoretical and practical understanding of IE approaches to enable selection of appropriate methodologies, coupled with careful appraisal of the resulting evidence. Impact Evaluation Fund (SIEF). It can be used with any research design that aims to infer causality, it can use a range of qualitative and quantitative data, and provide support for triangulating the data arising from a mixed methods impact evaluation. It deserves to be on the bookshelves of all Econometricians who wish to keep abreast of this exciting and rapidly growing field., Jeffery Racine - McMaster University, Ontario, This book is extremely useful for anyone who wants to learn (more) about the field of quantitativeimpact evaluation in social sciences. Thank you! Impact evaluations need to go beyond assessing the size of the effects (i.e., the average impact) to identify for whom and in what ways a programme or policy has been successful. And, some are used for particular types of development interventions such humanitarian assistance such as: coverage, coordination, protection, coherence. The book links to complementary instructional material available online, including an applied case as well as questions and answers. Evaluative reasoning is required tosynthesizethese elements to formulate defensible (i.e., well-reasoned and well evidenced) answers to the evaluative questions. It should also be noted that some impacts may be emergent, and thus, cannot be predicted. Apart from providing a rigourous treatment of both identification and estimation, the authors are to be commended for clearly stating the assumptions behind the various methods, and also for cautioning against limitations in practical applications. The starting point for any impact evaluation intending to use participatory approaches lies in clarifying what value this will add to the evaluation itself as well as to the people who would be closely involved (but also including potential risks of their participation). Rate per mile. This page includes links to impact evaluation training courses and workshops as well training materials. Impact evaluation, like many areas of evaluation, is under-researched. is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings This blog post by Simon Hearn(ODI) wasoriginally posted by Action to Research. 1. An impact evaluation provides information about the observed changes or 'impacts' produced by an intervention. To save content items to your account, For example, should an economic development programme be considered a success if it produces increases in household income but also produces hazardous environment impacts? In other words, they are not exclusive to specific evaluation methods or restricted to quantitative or qualitative data collection and analysis. Identifying the cause is known as 'causal attribution' or 'causal inference'. A good understanding is needed of how these impacts were achieved in terms of activities and supportive contextual factors to replicate the achievementsof a successful pilot. Impact evaluation might be appropriate when there are adequate resources to undertake a sufficiently comprehensive and rigorous impact evaluation, including the availability of existing, good quality data and additional time and money to collect more. The impact evaluation is the provision of results as a result of an intervention such as project, program or a certain policy. 2022. This book spans the most promising approaches towards impact evaluation, and I am particularly impressed by their inclusion of Pearls (2000) work alongside many other notable contributions. Linking Monitoring and Evaluation to Impact Evaluation. Good data management includes developing effective processes for: consistently collecting and recording data, storing data securely, cleaning data, transferring data (e.g., between different types of software used for analysis), effectively presenting data and making data accessible for verification and use by others. Use the following guidelines to help design and plan your impact evaluation. After reviewing currently available information, it is helpful to create an evaluation matrix (see below) showing which data collection and analysis methods will be used to answer eachKEQand then identify andprioritizedata gaps that need to be addressed by collecting new data. It is concerned with the net impact of an intervention on households and institutions, attributable only and exclusively to that intervention. The book incorporates real-world examples to present practical guidelines for designing and implementing impact . The updated second edition will be a valuable resource for the international development community, universities, and policy makers looking to build better evidence around what works in development. Ideally, a combination of these approaches is used to establish causality. In cases of implementation failure, it is reasonable to recommend actions to improve the quality of implementation; in cases of theory failure, it is necessary to rethink the whole strategy for achieving impacts. Many cover unexpected or negative change as well. 1. Evaluative reasoning is a requirement of all evaluations, irrespective of the methods or evaluation approach used. Evaluation of development programmes. See:http://www.oecd.org/dac/evaluation/daccriteriaforevaluatingdevelopmentassistance.htm, StufflebeamD (2001). OECD-DAC(1991). You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. The content is ordered according to the cycle of activities to complete a satisfactory impact evaluation. 1. See:http://www.oecd.org/dac/evaluation/50584880.pdf, OEDC-DAC(2010). At the design stage you will define your evaluation questions, identify an appropriate methodology, and plan and budget for the evaluation activities. Because of this counterfactual analysis, quantitative impact evaluation makes possible clear specification of the project impact being estimated. KEQ1 What was the quality of implementation? An impact evaluation provides information about the observed changes or 'impacts' produced by an intervention. This definition implies that impact evaluation: An impact evaluation can be undertaken to improve or reorient an intervention (i.e., for formative purposes) or to inform decisions about whether to continue, discontinue, replicate or scale up an intervention (i.e., for summative purposes). The proper analysis of impact requires a counterfactual of what those outcomes would have been in the absence of the intervention.1 Gender affects the way we see each other, the way we interact, the institutions we create, the ways in which those institutions operate, and who benefits or suffers as a result of this. (Fletcher 2015: 19). and Bouguen, Adrien Causal attribution is defined byOECD-DACas: Ascription of a causal link between observed (or expected to be observed) changes and a specific intervention. (OECD_DAC2010). potentially relevant contextual factors that should be addressed in data collection and in analysis, to look for patterns. Third, evaluate each potential question according to the criteria in the decision tree: Washington DC:InterAction. Simardone, Camille The book links to complementary instructional material available online, including an applied case as well as questions and answers. by taking each borrower, nding the nonborrower with the closest propensity. Within theKEQs, it is also useful to identify the different types of questions involved descriptive, causal and evaluative. Guha, Sharmistha In recent years, interest in rigorous impact evaluation has grown tremendously in policy-making, economics, public health, social sciences and international relations. You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches". In this section you can find usefulcodes and guidelines to assist you with your data analysis. Washington DC:InterAction. To save content items to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org KEQ2 To what extent were the programme objectives met? Washington DC:InterAction. When done too early, it will provide an inaccurate picture of the impacts (i.e., impacts will be understated when they had insufficient time to develop or overstated when they decline over time). For example, deciding to scale up when the programme is actually ineffective or effective only in certain limited situations or deciding to exit when a programme could be made to work if limiting factors were addressed. Usage data cannot currently be displayed. Only after addressing these, can the issue of how to make impact evaluation more participatory be addressed. (OECD DAC Glossary). Impacts are usually understood to occur later than, and as a resultof, intermediate outcomes. [assessing sustainability, equity, gender equality, human rights]. La prsente note aborde spcifiquement leur utilisation dans les valuations dimpact (tudes qui fournissent des informations sur les effets long terme dune intervention ; voir la Note n 1, Prsentation de lvaluation dimpact), bien que ces critres puissent tre utiliss dans diffrents types dvaluation. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Development Assistance Committee (OECD-DAC). If so, for whom, to what extent and in what circumstances? Some interventions cannot be fully planned in advance, however for example, programmes in settings where implementation has to respond to emerging barriers and opportunities such as to support the development of legislation in a volatile political environment. Each type of evaluation requires different methods, resources, technical expertise, and timelines. [assessing effectiveness, impact, equity, gender equality], KEQ4: What unintended results positive and negative did the intervention produce? Check the internal validity of the data. Une thorie du changement explique comment les activits sont censes produire un ensemble de rsultats qui contribuent la ralisation des impacts finaux prvus. This will also ensure that data from other M&E activities such as performance monitoring and process evaluation can be used, as needed. The book is designed for economics graduate courses but can also serve as a manual for professionals in research institutes, governments, and international organizations, evaluating the impact of a wide range of public policies in health, environment, transport and economic development. These observed changes can be positive and negative, intended and unintended, direct and indirect. 2023. First published in 2011, it has been used widely across the development and academic communities. Pretis, Felix They are insufficiently defined to be applied systematically and in a transparent manner to make evaluative judgements about the intervention. New York: United Nations Evaluation Group (UNEG) . Privately Owned Vehicle (POV) Mileage Reimbursement Rates. [assessing relevance, equity, gender equality, human rights], KEQ6: How valuable were the results to service providers, clients, the community and/ororganizationsinvolved? Environ. Purposeful Program Theory: Effective Use of Logic Models and Theories of Change. 2022. Being clear about the purpose of participatory approaches in an impact evaluation is an essential first step towards managing expectations and guiding implementation. not by the evaluation itself, or by the fact that the participants or non-participants are being studied. The particular analytic framework and the choice of specific data analysis methods will depend on the purpose of the impact evaluation and the type ofKEQsthat are intrinsically linked to this. FunnellS and Rogers P (2012). Designating something a best practice is a marketing ploy, not a scientific conclusion. Pragmatic because better evaluations are achieved (i.e., better data, better understanding of the data, more appropriate recommendations, better uptake of findings); ethical because it is the right thing to do (i.e., people have a right to be involved in informing decisions that will directly or indirectly affect them, as stipulated by the UN human rights-based approach to programming). 1. There are three broad strategies for causal attribution in impact evaluations: Using a combination of these strategies can usually help to increase the strength of the conclusions that are drawn. This includes verifying that risks to participants are minimized, that their selection is equitable, that they are fully informed of what the survey entails, and understand the potential risks and benefits. Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. The launch is part of the Global Evaluation Week in Kathmandu to celebrate the International Year of Evaluation. Impact evaluation provides information about the impacts produced by an intervention. Full text views reflects the number of PDF downloads, PDFs sent to Google Drive, Dropbox and Kindle and HTML full text views for chapters in this book. An impact evaluation must establish the cause of the observed changes. Impact evaluation for land property rights reforms(Conning and Deb; World Bank, 2007). Participation can occur at any stage of the impact evaluation process: in deciding to do an evaluation, in its design, in data collection, in analysis, in reporting and, also, in managing it. For example, the findings of an impact evaluation can be used to improve implementation of a programme for the next intake of participants by identifying critical elements to monitor and tightly manage. Harrison, Teresa D. Publication series: Methodological Briefs. This approach to evaluation focuses on the practicali-ties of defining successful outcomes and success cases (Brinkerhoff, 2003) and uses some of the processes from theory-driven evaluation to determine the linkages, which may take the form of a logic model, an impact model, or a results map. The World Bank Group works in every major area of development. See:http://www.uneval.org/papersandpubs/documentdetail.jsp?doc_id=1434. A key reason for mixing methods is that it helps to overcome the weaknesses inherent in each method when used alone. Liu, Piaomu The impact evaluation model can support this process by helping . Evaluating Your Capacity for Impact Evaluation: A Guide for Public Child Welfare Agencies and Service Providers OPRE Report #2022-123. This guidance note highlights three themes that are crucial for effectiveutilizationof evaluation results. Global data and statistics, research and publications, and topics in poverty and development, Executive Secretary, National Council for the Evaluation of Social Development Policy, Mexico, The Strategic Impact Evaluation Fund (SIEF), The World Banks digital platform for live-streaming, Environmental and Social Policies for Projects, International Development Association (IDA). It also increases the credibility of evaluation findings when information from different data sources converges (i.e., they are consistent about the direction of the findings) and can deepen the understanding of the programme/policy, its effects and context (Bamberger2012). Impact evaluation assesses program effectiveness in achieving its ultimate goals. A theory of change can support an impact evaluation in several ways. Lee, Myoungjae goes beyond describing or measuring impacts that have occurred to seeking to understand the role of the intervention in producing these (causal attribution); can encompass a broad range of methods for causal attribution; and, Describing what needs to be evaluated and developing the evaluation brief, Deciding who will conduct the evaluation and engaging the evaluator(s), Deciding and managing the process for developing the evaluation methodology, Managing development of the evaluation work plan, Managing implementation of the work plan including development of reports, Disseminating the report(s) and supporting use, specific evaluation questions, especially in relation to those elements of the theory of change for which there is no substantive evidence yet, relevant variables that should be included in data collection, intermediate outcomes that can be used as markers of success in situations where the impacts of interest will not occur during the time frame of the evaluation, aspects of implementation that should be examined. This goes beyond looking only at goals and objectives to also examine unintended impacts. Evaluation relies on a combination of facts and values (i.e., principles, attributes or qualities held to be intrinsically good, desirable, important and of general worth such as being fair to all) to judge the merit of an intervention (Stufflebeam2001). Here we present some tools to facilitate the compliment of ethical and transparency protocols applied to the practice of the impact evaluation. Evaluative criteria should be thought of as concepts that must be addressed in the evaluation. and Rogers P (2012). Developing and Selecting Measures of Child Well-Being, Evaluation rubrics: How to ensure transparent and clear assessment that respects diverse lines of evidence, Develop programme theory/ theory of change, UNICEF Brief 6. This guidance note outlines how monitoring and evaluation (M&E) activities can support meaningful and valid impact evaluation. Other, commonly used evaluative criteria are about equity, gender equality, and human rights. Impact evaluations assess the changes in development outcomes that are caused by a particular project, program, or policy. Conducting impact evaluations in urban transport(Boarnet, Marlon; World Bank, 2007). The Stata code and data are provided as a courtesy only. and Examples of these dissemination strategies are presented below. ; World Bank, 2006). ; IDB, 2011). A theory of change should be used in some form in every impact evaluation. Choosing an Impact Evaluation Method 187 Determining Which Method to Use for a Given Program 187 How a Program's Rules of Operation Can Help Choose an Impact Evaluation Method 188 A Comparison of Impact Evaluation Methods 193 Finding the Smallest Feasible Unit of Intervention 197 Chapter 12. If outcome data are missing, data for the same types of individuals are missing from both the control and treatment groups. Glossary of Key Terms in Evaluation and Results Based Management. If use of privately owned automobile is authorized or if no Government-furnished automobile is available. Find out more about saving content to . involves complex trade-offs between the various methods of survey administration and the reliability and validity of the data collected. Impact Evaluation Notes No. The impact evaluation model and the self-evaluation form The Ofsted self-evaluation form (SEF) is an opportunity for schools and their partners to demonstrate the positive impact that workforce reform and extended services are making on the lives on children and young people. The evaluation purpose refers to the rationale for conducting an impact evaluation. Racine, Jeffrey S. SPDs guide ". Examples should be provided. March 2012 INTRODUCTION TO IMPACT EVALUATION Patricia J. Rogers, RMIT University (Australia) and BetterEvaluation This is the first guidance note in a four-part series of notes related to impact evaluation developed by InterAction with financial support from the Rockefeller Foundation. This book is a product of the World Bank Group and the Inter-American Development Bank. These different definitions are important when deciding what methodsor research designs will be considered credible by the intended user of the evaluation or by partners orfunders. Lee, Myoungjae This document provides an overview of the utility of and specific guidance and a tool for implementing an evaluability assessment before an impact evaluation is undertaken. Participatory approaches can be used in any impact evaluation design. There are many different methods for collecting data. It also includes new material on research ethics and partnerships to conduct impact evaluation. and The book incorporates real-world examples to present practical guidelines for designing and implementing impact . Gender injustice and inequality: what helps in assessing impact? Evaluation values and criteria checklist. Terms of Reference (TORs) establish the roles and responsibilities, activities, products and schedules of the parties involved in an impact evaluation.
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