Lee sent a text to Meadows on December 8 stating, "If a very small handful of states were to have their legislatures appoint alternative slates of delegates, there could be a path," to which Meadows replied, "I am working on that as of yesterday. [40], Reimbursements are paid by the state to lists winning at least 5% of votes cast in one of two ballots in the towns of 2500 people or more. [34][35][36][37], By May 2023, at least eight of the sixteen Republicans (and official Trump electors as chosen by the Georgia Republican Party before the election)[citation needed] who allegedly participated in the Georgia scheme had accepted immunity deals to cooperate with Fulton County district attorney Fani Willis in her investigation.[38]. 82-1169 of 31 December 1982 relating to the administrative organization of Paris, Marseille, Lyon and public establishments for cooperation. But there's increasing reason to question that. Tenants say a 3-year ban on evictions kept them housed. "Although voters choose their preferred candidatein 2016, the top contenders are Hillary Clinton, a Democrat, and Donald Trump, a Republicanthe popular vote does not officially determine the president.The popular vote determines the votes of the Electoral College, which officially elects the president in mid-December. But it's possible the candidate with the most votes from the public won't be the winner. This is the "popular vote. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. [50], Despite assumptions about Eastman's role, the January 6 committee's final report, which was released on December 22, 2022, named lesser known Trump lawyer Kenneth Chesebro as the plot's original proponent. Trump retweeted the Raiklin tweet. One alternative is theNational Popular Vote, a compact for states to cast their electoral votes for whichever candidate wins the national popular vote. He told CNN in January that there was an 11th-hour dispute between the electors and the Trump campaign over whether the document would state the contingency explicitly. The law also requires equality of counselors and mayors of arrondissements. Make sure to update your bookmarks! is 18 years of age or older, or at the latest before the election at midnight; is a citizen of France or of a member of the. It seems were likely to find out quite a bit more about that. The US presidential election takes place 3 November. The January 6 committee disclosed during a June 2022 hearing that Sean Riley, a top aide to senator Ron Johnson, attempted to submit fraudulent elector certificates through a top Pence aide minutes before the vice president was to certify the election results, but was rebuffed; Johnson said his office received the certificates from Kelly's office. The voting takes place by commune except Paris, Marseille and Lyon for which law on the administrative organization of Paris, Marseille, Lyon provides that voting may be by sector. The Trump campaign and allies have said the fake electors were merely a contingency if the election results were overturned pre-Jan. 6. attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election, Environment and Natural Resources Division, House select committee on the January 6 attack, submit fraudulent elector certificates through a top Pence aide, Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election, Democratic backsliding in the United States, Donald Trump's false claims of a stolen election, Public hearings of the United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack, Dominion Voting Systems v. Fox News Network, "Trump allies' fake Electoral College certificates offer fresh insights about plot to overturn Biden's victory", "Giuliani Is Told He Is a Target in Trump Election Inquiry in Georgia", "Trump campaign officials, led by Rudy Giuliani, oversaw fake electors plot in 7 states | CNN Politics", "January 6 committee releases final report, says Trump should be barred from office", "Trump had a direct role in plan to install fake electors. [b], The FBI also served a search warrant on Nevada Republican party chair Michael McDonald, and sought to serve a warrant on party secretary James DeGraffenreid; both men had signed a fraudulent certificate of ascertainment. In fact, the 19th-Century opinion didnt address such a conflict. All rights reserved. Nessel announced in January 2023 that she was reopening her investigation "because I don't know what the federal government plans to do. Why object to that contingency being made explicit? If both states passed national popular vote provisions, we'd still be 45 electors away . 2013-403 of 17 May 2013, which will apply from the general election of municipal councils in 2014: Prior to the 2013 reform, the proportional list was used only in municipalities with more than 3500 inhabitants[2] The reform was mainly intended to enforce the rules of parity between men and women in the 6659 communes whose population ranged in 2013 between 1000 and 3500 inhabitants. It showed a Trump campaign official had spoken with teams around the country focused on the effort to appoint false electors, reported developments back to her, which she then relayed to the email recipients. Like Eastman, then-DOJ official Jeffrey Clark cited the McPherson decision in a now-infamous letter that he pressed Justice Department leaders to issue on the cusp of Jan. 6, 2021, urging them to call their legislatures into session and consider appointing a new slate of electors. But elsewhere he suggested at least one key figure involved had more secretive ideas: Arizona Republican Party Chairwoman Kelli Ward. The world was full of monarchies, but nowhere did democracy exist or was there a government where the people could select their leaders. He is implicated in the January 6 attack on the Capitol and expresses no remorse for his behavior. That 1892 decision paved the way for a . Pence's former chief of staff Marc Short and counsel Gregory Jacob, who had advised Pence to reject Eastman's Pence Card scheme, had testified before the grand jury. Learn who is involved and how the process works. We would just be sending in fake electoral votes to Pence so that someone in Congress can make an objection when they start counting votes, and start arguing that the fake votes should be counted, Wilenchik wrote to Epshteyn. The Electoral College is made up of 538 delegates: people who cast the votes that formally elect the president. FBI agents interviewed Sam DeMarco, chair of the Allegheny County, Pennsylvania Republican party, at his home the next day. Zach Montellaro, Kyle Cheney and Madison Fernandez, President of the United States from 2017 to 2021, American law professor; legal and constitutional scholar, US Supreme Court backs man who sent female musician flood of unwanted messages. [8][9], On the day after the election, White House chief of staff Mark Meadows received a text message calling for an "aggressive strategy" of having the Republican-led legislatures of three uncalled states "just send their own electors to vote and have it go to the [Supreme Court]." Contrary to the majoritys suggestion of ambiguity this statement can only have meant that the state legislatures power to direct the manner of appointing electors may not be limited by the state constitution, Thomas wrote in a footnote. Though some on the right have interpreted the clause as giving state legislatures total authority to write and rewrite election procedures, without any input from governors or state courts, the Supreme Court rejected that notion. Conversely, the dissent from the Roberts opinion, authored by Justice Clarence whom Eastman clerked for in 1996 might provide Eastman a boost in his effort to save his bar license. However, the rights of citizens are limited in application of Article 88-3 of the constitution of 4 October 1958, since non-French citizens are not eligible for the office of mayor or deputy.[34]. The State Bar accuses Eastman of ethics violations for attempting "to obstruct the electoral count on Jan. 6" by pressuring Pence to reject electors, promoting false claims that electoral . Councilors are elected by direct universal suffrage for a term of six years, and can be reelected. [48][49] The New York Times reported in June 2023 that Roman was in discussions to cooperate with the Smith special counsel investigation. POTUS must start second term now." DeMarco said the Trump campaign wanted no contingency, but the fake electors insisted upon it: The final language included the caveat: on the understanding that if, as a result of a final non-appealable Court Order or other proceeding prescribed by law, we are ultimately recognized as being the duly elected and qualified Electors.. In communes with more than 30,000 inhabitants, This page was last edited on 7 December 2022, at 10:37. The electors of the Senate are 95% determined by the municipal elections. One other justice conservative Neil Gorsuch signed onto that portion of Thomas dissent. The election may be limited to a single round in the case of an absolute majority, or give rise to a second round, in which case: Municipal elections in communes with more than 1000 inhabitants use the rule majority voting with proportional rate: the first half (rounded if necessary to the next whole number) are assigned seats to be filled from the list with the most votes; other seats are distributed among all the lists present in the final round that took more than 5% of votes cast (including the majority list) which is called proportional to the strongest average. 82-974 of 19 November 1982[9] replaced the old block vote in communes unit with 3500 inhabitants or more and by the current voting system, "which adds a premium and a majority proportional representation"[3] (translated). Currently, all states select electors through a popular vote. These self-proclaimed electors have no legal standing, and the National Archives did not accept their documents, publishing the official (Biden) results from those states as the result of the election. Dec. 14 was the elector deadline, and the idea was supposedly that they needed to be in place just in case the election results were changed before Jan. 6. When all this fear came to the presidency, the question was how to select that person. There are currently 538 electors, and an absolute majority of electoral votes, 270 or more, is required to win the election. (In 2016, the president will be elected December 19. There are two exceptions to this rule: Maine and Nebraska. Law No. There are only two left: Michigan (16 electoral votes), where the House Elections Committee recently approved a National Popular Vote bill, and Maine (four votes), where popular vote legislation passed both chambers in 2019 but failed a final House vote. State legislatures thinking that they can just, if they feel like it after an election, replace the popular will with a slate of electors is as gone as there can't be any review of redistricting plans.. (The last Census was conducted in 2010, setting the number of House members and Electoral College electors through 2020.) Costs of campaign materials (cost of paper, printing and distribution of ballot papers, posters and flyers, as well as the display costs) are paid by and are the responsibility of candidates in communes with less 1000 inhabitants. States gain and lose electors based on Census data. The Electoral College: A 2020 Presidential Election Timeline Every four years, the election process for President and . These are called conseillers municipaux (city councilors). In Marseilles, each of the 8 sectors includes two boroughs. The operative constitutional language in the two clauses is essentially identical, said Michael Luttig, a former conservative federal appellate judge who advised Pence to reject those alternative slate of electors on Jan. 6. Who elects the President of the United States? So why did the constitutional Framers create the Electoral College? [10], On November 5, Donald Trump Jr. sent a text message to Meadows outlining paths to subvert the Electoral College process and ensure his father a second term. The memos came to the attention of Giuliani, Eastman and others as a broader strategy unfolded. Half of 538 is 269, so a candidate must receive 270 electoral votes to win. "There are thus dual slates of electors from 7 states." . Alexander Hamilton originally proposed a president who would serve for life. Colorado, Florida, Montana, North Carolina, and Oregon each gained one. How many electors are there? On the other end of the spectrum, California represents 12.1% of the US population and has 10.2% of all electoral votes. The election of municipal councilors takes place by majority voting[4] plurinominal, in two rounds with panachage: independent/non-partisan candidacies are permitted[6] and panachage is allowed: Voters have the right to ignore the lists of candidates, voting for candidates from different lists. he or she wins all of that state's electoral votes. Twice impeached, although not convicted; allegedly the beneficiary of Russian interference in 2016; now facing two indictments, with more possibly coming; already held liable for sexual harassment, and facing many other lawsuits. [25][12], In July 2022, Politico acquired an email that OANN anchor Christina Bobb sent to several Trump attorneys and allies. Tuesdays decision contained just glancing discussion of the electors clause in its majority opinion, which was joined by liberal Justices Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan and Ketanji Brown Jackson and conservatives Brett Kavanaugh and Amy Coney Barrett. Our constitutional framers would have declared him unfit to be president. Perhaps Trump and Co. later misuse[d] the fake electors to try to overturn the election regardless, as Georgias fake electors suggested last week in court, but the fake electors themselves shouldnt be held responsible for that if they had no knowledge of that plan. Beginning with the municipal elections of 2014, the delegates representing a commune in an intercommunality, a type of supramunicipal organization of communes or "communities of communes," are elected during municipal elections. Since the 1887 passage of the Electoral Count Act, there have been two instances of Congressional objections. This provision was contained in section 8B of the Maastricht Treaty. Theres some real nuance here, and perhaps many involved genuinely believed this was a contingency. [5], The Justice Department is investigating Trump's role in the events. For the first time in the 2001 municipal elections in France, citizens of the countries of the European Union have the right to elect councilors and be eligible for these positions.
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