The Declarations ideas of liberty, equality, limited government, and self-government later served as important features of the Constitution. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. ), 0.7634 (2013 est. The United States is a constitutional federal republic, in which the president (the head of state and head of government), Congress, and judiciary share powers reserved . A constitutional republic refers to a form of government, where the head of state and other officials are representatives of the people and which governs in accordance with existing constitutional law. The binding nature of law means everyonenot just citizens, but the government, its leaders and officialsmust follow and obey the law. ), 0.738 (2016 est. The separation of powers means that no single officeholder gets unlimited power. )spirits: 3.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 29 (2021 est. )nuclear: 19.5% of total installed capacity (2020 est. note: data are in current year dollars$2.546 trillion (2019 est.) No office holder can get to a position of absolute power. The guide is an excellent research tool for students to use to gain a deeper understanding of one of our nation's founding documents and the establishment of the federal government. )wind: 8.3% of total installed capacity (2020 est. )note: approximately 4/5ths of US external debt is denominated in US dollars; foreign lenders have been willing to hold US dollar denominated debt instruments because they view the dollar as the world's reserve currency, British pounds per US dollar: 0.7836 (2017 est. )from consumed natural gas: 1,684,008,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. Washington, DC. The two most traumatic experiences in the nation's history were the Civil War (1861-65), in which a northern Union of states defeated a secessionist Confederacy of 11 southern slave states, and the Great Depression of the 1930s, an economic downturn during which about a quarter of the labor force lost its jobs. ), lowest 10%: 2%highest 10%: 30% (2007 est. In fact, the executive branch in a parliamentary government draws its power . We outline their history and analyze the pros and cons of having a monarchy in the twenty-first century. )from petroleum and other liquids: 2,382,833,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. ), 108.76 (2015 est. Yes, it is September 10, 20225:00 AM ET Ron Elving Enlarge this image Silhouettes of people are seen on an American flag as President Joe Biden speaks on. )on alcohol and tobacco: 1.7% of household expenditures (2018 est. )100.9% of GDP (2019 est. )imports of goods and services: -15% (2017 est. We are a Federal Constitutional Republic. . )$628.37 billion (31 December 2020 est. ), total subscriptions: 98 million (2021 est. In October 1787, the first in a . What is a Federal Republic? Photo courtesy of the US Coast Guard. The final key institution of the Federal Republic was the Federal Constitutional Court. Comparisons can be made. The essence of constitutionalism is the control of power by its distribution among several state organs or offices in such a way . These amendments limited federal power, by protecting both the rights of individuals and the authority of the states. )percent of population: 92% (2021 est. ), 108.76 (2016 est. Find out more about ordering United States and Arizona pocket constitutions here and view Arizona's Constitution here. note: data are in current year dollars, Canada 17%, Mexico 16%, China 7%, Japan 5% (2019), refined petroleum, crude petroleum, cars and vehicle parts, integrated circuits, aircraft (2019), $3.402 trillion (2021 est.) ), maize, milk, soybeans, wheat, sugar cane, sugar beet, poultry, potatoes, cotton, pork, highly diversified, world leading, high-technology innovator, second-largest industrial output in the world; petroleum, steel, motor vehicles, aerospace, telecommunications, chemicals, electronics, food processing, consumer goods, lumber, mining, 164.797 million (2021 est. ), fresh water lake(s): Michigan 57,750 sq km; Superior* 53,348 sq km; Huron* 23,597 sq km; Erie* 12,890 sq km; Ontario* 9,220 sq km; Lake of the Woods 4,350 sq km; Iliamna 2,590 sq km; Okeechobee 1,810 sq km; Belcharof 1,190 sq km; Red 1,170 sq km; Saint Clair 1,113 sq km; Champlain 1,100 sq kmnote - Great Lakes* area shown as US waterssalt water lake(s): Great Salt 4,360 sq km; Pontchartrain 1,620 sq km; Selawik 1,400 sq km; Salton Sea 950 sq km, Missouri - 3,768 km; Mississippi - 3,544 km; Yukon river mouth (shared with Canada [s]) - 3,190 km; Saint Lawrence (shared with Canada) - 3,058 km; Rio Grande river source ( mouth shared with Mexico) - 3,057 km; Colorado river source (shared with Mexico [m]) - 2,333 km; Arkansas - 2,348 km; Columbia river mouth (shared with Canada [s]) - 2,250 km; Red - 2,188 km; Ohio - 2,102 km; Snake - 1,670 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Atlantic Ocean drainage: (Gulf of Mexico) Mississippi* (3,202,185 sq km); Rio Grande (607,965 sq km); (Gulf of Saint Lawrence) Saint Lawrence* (1,049,636 sq km total, US only 505,000 sq km)Pacific Ocean drainage: Yukon* (847,620 sq km, US only 23,820 sq km); Colorado (703,148 sq km); Columbia* (657,501 sq km, US only 554,501 sq km)note - watersheds shared with Canada shown with *, Northern Great Plains Aquifer, Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System, Californian Central Valley Aquifer System, Ogallala Aquifer (High Plains), Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains Aquifer, large urban clusters are spread throughout the eastern half of the US (particularly the Great Lakes area, northeast, east, and southeast) and the western tier states; mountainous areas, principally the Rocky Mountains and Appalachian chain, deserts in the southwest, the dense boreal forests in the extreme north, and the central prarie states are less densely populated; Alaska's population is concentrated along its southern coast - with particular emphasis on the city of Anchorage - and Hawaii's is centered on the island of Oahu, tsunamis; volcanoes; earthquake activity around Pacific Basin; hurricanes along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts; tornadoes in the Midwest and Southeast; mud slides in California; forest fires in the west; flooding; permafrost in northern Alaska, a major impediment to development, volcanism: volcanic activity in the Hawaiian Islands, Western Alaska, the Pacific Northwest, and in the Northern Mariana Islands; both Mauna Loa (4,170 m) in Hawaii and Mount Rainier (4,392 m) in Washington have been deemed Decade Volcanoes by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to their explosive history and close proximity to human populations; Pavlof (2,519 m) is the most active volcano in Alaska's Aleutian Arc and poses a significant threat to air travel since the area constitutes a major flight path between North America and East Asia; St. Helens (2,549 m), famous for the devastating 1980 eruption, remains active today; numerous other historically active volcanoes exist, mostly concentrated in the Aleutian arc and Hawaii; they include: in Alaska: Aniakchak, Augustine, Chiginagak, Fourpeaked, Iliamna, Katmai, Kupreanof, Martin, Novarupta, Redoubt, Spurr, Wrangell, Trident, Ugashik-Peulik, Ukinrek Maars, Veniaminof; in Hawaii: Haleakala, Kilauea, Loihi; in the Northern Mariana Islands: Anatahan; and in the Pacific Northwest: Mount Baker, Mount Hood; see note 2 under "Geography - note", note 1: world's third-largest country by size (after Russia and Canada) and by population (after China and India); Denali (Mt. Section 1: Principles of the American Republic, Section 1.3 The Declaration of Independence, Center for Political Thought and Leadership, An Introduction to Federalism and the Arizona Constitution, Civic Literacy Curriculum Full Curriculum, Civic Literacy Curriculum Abridged Study Guides, Support the Center for Political Thought and Leadership. )euros per US dollar: 0.885 (2017 est. US Coast Guard Cutter Healy (WAGB-20) approaches the pier at Base Seattle on Saturday 20 November 2021. )male: 28.4% (2020 est. The Constitution functions as the supreme law of the land - by "supreme law," we mean that no laws made by state governments or the federal government can contradict it. Sounds like 'German Democratic Republic' or 'Democratic Republic of Congo'. These laws must be made by proper procedures and published in advance of their enforcement. Other documents that shared these ideas and influenced the Constitution include important colonial documents such as the Mayflower Compact and Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, the Virginia Declaration of Rights, the debates between the authors of the Federalist Papers and their anti-Federalist critics, and the Iroquois Great Law of Peace (the constitution establishing the federal league of five tribes). ), $63,700 (2021 est. 3860; Magd Zalok (the Republic of Turkey (Turkey)) at (202) 482-4162; and Myrna Lobo (the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnam)) at (202) 482-2371, AD/CVD Operations, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230. It differs from a unitary state in that in a federal republic, the authorities of the state governments cannot be taken back by the central government. ), $20,275,951,000,000 (2019 est. A form of government in which officials are elected by citizens to lead them as directed by their country's constitution. Photo courtesy of the US Coast Guard. ), total population: 80.75 yearsmale: 78.54 yearsfemale: 82.93 years (2023 est. )consumption: 857,542,658,000 cubic meters (2021 est. In the various public offices he held, Jefferson sought to establish a federal government of limited powers. )tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. )$62,500 (2019 est. Systems of Government. )other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. We compare the two most popular forms of government: constitutional monarchy vs republic. )forest: 33.3% (2018 est. The individual rights proposed by some of the conventions were fleshed out by James Madison into the rest of the Bill of Rights. A republic is a country belonging to the people, whereas a federation is a form of government where by . It is a government of laws not of men. )female: 17.5% (2020 est. Thus, they included Article V, which describes the process of making an amendment a change or addition to the Constitution, in which Congress proposes an amendment and the states ratify it. This page was last changed on 11 May 2023, at 01:53. ), 0.738 (2015 est. What their power is limited to is written in the constitution. This concept is awfl. The Fourteenth Amendment changed this, making the first eight amendments also apply to each of the states as wellproviding a floor of individual rights at both the state and federal level. ), improved: urban: 99.9% of populationrural: 99.7% of populationtotal: 99.9% of populationunimproved: urban: 0.1% of populationrural: 0.3% of populationtotal: 0.1% of population (2020 est. The economic system of the United States is a capitalist or market economy, in which almost all businesses are owned and operated by private individuals, partnerships, and stockholders rather than by the government. )$19.946 trillion (2020 est. Many countries have a federal republic government; for example, the Republic of Austria, the Federal Republic of Brazil, the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of India, the United Mexican States, the Swiss Confederation, the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, and the United States of America. The states have their laws, but they are also subject to the laws of the federal government. President is the title given to the person who serves as the head of state and the executive branch of the government. )arable land: 16.8% (2018 est. note: data are in current year dollars$3.106 trillion (2019 est.) As a cross between two similar systems, democratic republics may function on principles shared by both republics and democracies. )1 (2017 est. note: data are in current year dollars, China 18%, Mexico 15%, Canada 13%, Japan 6%, Germany 5% (2019), cars, crude petroleum, computers, broadcasting equipment, packaged medicines (2019), $716.152 billion (31 December 2021 est. ), municipal solid waste generated annually: 258 million tons (2015 est. Buoyed by victories in World Wars I and II and the end of the Cold War in 1991, the US remains the world's most powerful nation state. e. In the United States, politics function within a framework of a constitutional federal republic and presidential system, with three distinct branches that share powers: the U.S. Congress which forms the legislative branch, a bicameral legislative body comprising the House of Representatives and the Senate; the executive branch, which is . ), total subscriptions: 360 million (2021 est. From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_republic&oldid=8816408, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. ), 5,144,361,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. Photo courtesy of the US Coast Guard. But not every action by the federal government is supreme-- federal activity must also follow from the Constitution or it too would be illegal. )crude oil and lease condensate imports: 7,768,500 bbl/day (2018 est. ), production: 967,144,362,000 cubic meters (2021 est. )note: a separate listing for Hispanic is not included because the US Census Bureau considers Hispanic to mean persons of Spanish/Hispanic/Latino origin including those of Mexican, Cuban, Puerto Rican, Dominican Republic, Spanish, and Central or South American origin living in the US who may be of any race or ethnic group (White, Black, Asian, etc. )imports: 4.808 million metric tons (2020 est. federalism, mode of political organization that unites separate states or other polities within an overarching political system in a way that allows each to maintain its own integrity. The justices ruled in a 6-3 vote that the North Carolina Supreme Court was acting within its authority in concluding that the map constituted a partisan gerrymander under the state Constitution. ), 12.21 births/1,000 population (2023 est. ), 1.3256 (2015 est. )-$445.955 billion (2019 est. US Coast Guard Cutter Polar Star (WAGB 10) sits hove-to ice on the frozen Ross Sea, Antarctica, on 6 January 2022. Nepal (in U.S. Relations With Nepal, also by the State Department). In a constitutional republic, people elect representatives, and those people generally vote to make decisions or laws. Constitutional republics usually have a separation of powers. Critics nonetheless demanded a Bill of Rights as an additional check and security before they would ratify the Constitution. ), total: 38.5 yearsmale: 37.2 yearsfemale: 39.8 years (2020 est. ), 21 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est. )3.67% (2019 est. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: )proven reserves: 228.662 billion metric tons (2019 est. note: data are in current year dollars$2.159 trillion (2020 est.) 80 min. ), 0.903 (2016 est. The Presidential System. ), 0.9214(2015 est. If there is dispute about what the . The Declaration explains that the very purpose of government is to protect these rights. The Constitution creates the form of government we have in the United States, which is a constitutional and federal republic. Federal Republic- A constitutional government in which the powers of the central government are limited by law to create individ. The U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the land, establishing the federal government, defining that governments powers and structures, and protecting the basic rights of all Americans. During the 19th and 20th centuries, 37 new states were added to the original 13 as the nation expanded across the North American continent and acquired a number of overseas possessions. )exports: 188,401,779,000 cubic meters (2021 est. ), 6.2275 (2015 est. [1] [2] 1 Footnote See Bond v. United States, 572 U.S. 844, 857-58 (2014) (Among the background principles . Photo courtesy of US Coast Guard. note: data are in current year dollars$2.813 trillion (2020 est.) At its heart, a constitutional republic is a government in which the people have the right to vote in elected officials to lead the country on their behalf. This separation gives the states greater autonomy to create laws based on the will of their citizenry. )imports: 79,512,470,000 cubic meters (2021 est. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 110 (2021 est. )carbon dioxide emissions: 5,006.3 megatons (2016 est. Origin 6th to 8th centuries B.C. This type of political system is defined as federalism. )Japanese yen per US dollar: 111.10 (2017 est. The legislative branch is divided into an upper house, the Senate, and a lower house, the Chamber of Deputies. This was because, according to the Declaration, humans are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, especially life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, and Great Britain was not respecting the rights of the colonists. You see, many of today's democracies are also republics, and are even referred to as democratic republics. Indeed, lawmakers, judges, and officers of federal and state governments must take a specific oath to faithfully follow the U.S. Constitution. The United States of America is governed as a federal republic, and therefore some argue that the U.S. is not a democracy. Photo courtesy of the US Coast Guard. [1], Supporters of such a republic[who?] From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, "State Politics vs. the Federal Government", https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Federal_republic&oldid=8791798, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. Stand by those principles, be true to them on all occasions, in all places, against all foes, and at whatever cost [And] interpreted as it ought to be interpreted, the Constitution is a glorious liberty document., - Frederick Douglass, What to the Slave is the Fourth of July? (1862). On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. )exports of goods and services: 12.1% (2017 est. name: Washington, DC geographic coordinates: 38 53 N, 77 02 W time difference: UTC-5 (during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November time zone note: the 50 United States cover six time zones etymology: named after George WASHINGTON (1732 . - WorldAtlas Is the United States a Republic or a Democracy? ), note 1: The Library of Congress, Washington DC, USA, claims to be the largest library in the world with more than 167 million items (as of 2018); its collections are universal, not limited by subject, format, or national boundary, and include materials from all parts of the world and in over 450 languages; collections include: books, newspapers, magazines, sheet music, sound and video recordings, photographic images, artwork, architectural drawings, and copyright datanote 2: Cape Canaveral, Florida, USA, hosts one of four dedicated ground antennas that assist in the operation of the Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation system (the others are on Ascension (Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tistan da Cunha), Diego Garcia (British Indian Ocean Territory), and at Kwajalein (Marshall Islands), number of registered air carriers: 99 (2020)inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 7,249annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 889.022 million (2018)annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 42,985,300,000 (2018) mt-km, 13,513 (2022)note - 24.5% of airports are public, 5,054note: paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 m (16,000 ft.), but the typical length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 m (8,000-13,000 ft.), 8,459note: unpaved runways have a surface composition such as grass or packed earth and are most suited to the operation of light aircraft; unpaved runways are usually short, often less than 1,000 m (3,280 ft.) in length; airports with unpaved runways often lack facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control, 1,984,321 km natural gas, 240,711 km petroleum products (2013), total: 293,564.2 km (2014)standard gauge: 293,564.2 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge, total: 6,586,610 km (2012)paved: 4,304,715 km (2012) (includes 76,334 km of expressways)unpaved: 2,281,895 km (2012), 41,009 km (2012) (19,312 km used for commerce; Saint Lawrence Seaway of 3,769 km, including the Saint Lawrence River of 3,058 km, is shared with Canada), total: 178 (2022)by type: bulk carrier 4, container ship 61, general cargo 19, oil tanker 65, other (roll on/roll off 29) (2022)note - oceangoing self-propelled, cargo-carrying vessels of 1,000 gross tons and above, major seaport(s): Atlantic Ocean: Charleston, Hampton Roads, New York/New Jersey, SavannahPacific Ocean: Long Beach, Los Angeles, Oakland, Seattle/TacomaGulf of Mexico: Houstonoil terminal(s): LOOP terminal, Haymark terminalcontainer port(s) (TEUs): Charleston (2,751,442), Hampton Roads (3,522,834), Houston (3,453,220), Long Beach (9,384,368), Los Angeles (10,677,610), New York/New Jersey (8,985,929), Oakland (2,448,243), Savannah (5,613,163), Seattle/Tacoma (3,736,206) (2021)LNG terminal(s) (export): Calcasieu Pass (LA), Cameron (LA), Corpus Christi (TX), Cove Point (MD), Elba Island (GA), Freeport (TX), Sabine Pass (LA)note - two additional export facilities are under construction and expected to begin commercial operations in 2023-2024LNG terminal(s) (import): Cove Point (MD), Elba Island (GA), Everett (MA), Freeport (TX), Golden Pass (TX), Hackberry (LA), Lake Charles (LA), Neptune (offshore), Northeast Gateway (offshore), Pascagoula (MS), Sabine Pass (TX)river port(s): Baton Rouge, Plaquemines, New Orleans (Mississippi River)cargo ports: Baton Rouge, Corpus Christi, Hampton Roads, Houston, Long Beach, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York, Plaquemines (LA), Tampa, Texas Citycruise departure ports (passengers): Miami, Port Everglades, Port Canaveral, Seattle, Long Beach, the US operates one PC 1 or 2 class heavy icebreaker, two PC 3 or 4 class medium icebreakers, and two PC 5 or 6 class light icebreakers; the heavy and medium icebreakers carry out various polar missions including opening passage for the annual resupply of McMurdo Station in Antarcticanote - PC indicates a Polar Class vessel: PC 1 - year-round operation in all polar waters (ice thickness >3 m); PC 2 - year-round operation in moderate multi-year ice conditions (ice thickness up to 3 m); PC 3 - year-round operation in second-year ice which may include multi-year ice inclusions (ice thickness up to 2.5 m); PC 4 - year-round operation in thick first-year ice which may include old ice inclusions (ice thickness up to 120 cm); PC 5 - year-round operation in medium first-year ice which may include old ice inclusions (ice thickness up to 70-120 cm); PC 6 - summer/autumn operation in medium first-year ice which may include old ice inclusions (ice thickness up to 30-70 cm), United States Armed Forces (aka US Military): US Army (USA), US Navy (USN; includes US Marine Corps or USMC), US Air Force (USAF), US Space Force (USSF); US Coast Guard (USCG); National Guard (Army National Guard and Air National Guard) (2023)note 1: the US Coast Guard is administered in peacetime by the Department of Homeland Security, but in wartime reports to the Department of the Navynote 2:the Army National Guard and the Air National Guard are reserve components of their services and operate in part under state authority; the US military also maintains reserve forces for each branch (US Army Reserve, US Navy Reserve, US Air Force Reserve, and US Coast Guard Reserve), 3.5% of GDP (2022 est.
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